Abstract
This study presents observations on the anatomical, palynological and ecological features of Tulipa gumusanica Terzioğlu and its morphologically similar relative, T. armena Boiss. var. armena, in order to clarify their similarities and differences. We found that these taxa have some important differences with regard to anatomical, palynological and ecological features, as well as morphological traits. General anatomical traits of both examined taxa are similar, both having isolateral leaves with distinct hypodermis and a stem with distinct monolayer collenchyma close to the epidermis. However, some anatomical characters such as mesophyll width, average number of stomata on lower epidermis, and epidermal cells on upper epidermis are found to be important in delimiting these taxa. In addition, considerable differences have been observed in pollen shape and size. The species differ ecologically in that T. gumusanica prefers slightly acidic soil with low organic content in the woodland, whereas T. armena var. armena prefers slightly alkali soil with high organic content in steppe vegetation.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Baytop A (2004) Türkiye’de Botanik Tarihi Araştırmaları. TÜBİTAK Yayınları, Akademik Dizi 3, Ankara
Baytop T (1999) Türkiye’de bitkiler ile tedavi. Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, Tayf Ofset, İstanbul
Booy G, Raamsdonk LWD (1998) Variation in the enzyme esterase within and between Tulipa species; usefulness for the analysis of genetic relationships at different taxonomical levels. Biochem Syst Ecol 26:199–224
Carlquist S (1961) Comparative plant anatomy: a guide to taxonomic and evolutionary applications of anatomical data in Angiosperms. Holt, Rinehart & Winston, New York
Çelik A, Çiçek M, Semiz G, Karıncalı M (2004) Taxonomical and ecological investigations on some geophytes growing around Denizli Province (Turkey). Turk J Bot 28:205–211
Dasti AA, Bokhari TZ, Malik AS, Akhtar R (2003) Epidermal morphology in some members of family Boraginaceae in Baluchistan. Asian J Pl Sci 2(1):42–47
Ekim T, Koyuncu M, Duman H, Aytaç Z, Adıgüzel N (2000) Red data book of Turkish plants. Turkish Association for the Conservation of Nature and Van Centennial University, Barışcan Press
Erdtman G (1943) An introduction to pollen analysis. Chronica Bot, Waltham
Güner A, Özhatay N, Ekim T, Başer KHC (2000) Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, vol. 11 (Suppl 2), Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh
Hall AD (1940) The genus Tulipa L. Royal Hortic Soc Lond, 171 pp
Harley MH (2004) Triaperturate pollen in the monocotyledons: configurations and conjectures. Pl Syst Evol 247:75–122
Hoog MH (1973) On the origin of Tulipa. In: Napier E, Platt JNO (eds) Lilies and other Liliaceae. The Royal Horticultural Society, London, pp 47–64
Işık S, Dönmez EO (1996) Pollen morphology of some Turkish Crocus L. (Iridaceae) Species. Acta Biol Crac Ser Bot 48(1):85–91
IUCN (2006) Coordination and development of plant red list assessment for the Caucasian Biodiversity hotspot. Project Number: 1073421632
Kaçar B (1996) Soil Analyses, Ankara University Agricultural Faculty Publications No:3, Ankara
Kalinowski A, Klimko M, Wojciechowska B (2005) Pollen morphology and two-dimensional patterns of pollen coat and protoplast proteins in Aegilops kotschyi × Secale cereale amphiploids. Acta Biol Crac Ser Bot 47(2):97–110
Kalra YP, Maynard DG (1991) Methods Manual for forest soil and plant analysis. Outario, pp 35–37
Kosenko VN (1999) Contributions to the pollen morphology and taxonomy of the Liliaceae. Grana 38:20–30
Kosenko VN (1990) Possible trends of evolution of pollen grains wall with special reference to the genus Tulipa (Liliaceae). Bot Z 75:25–38 (In Russian)
Makbul S, Coşkunçelebi K, Türkmen Z, Beyazoğlu O (2006) Morphology and Anatomy of Scrophularia L. (Scrophulariaceae) taxa from NE Anatolia. Acta Biol Crac Ser Bot 48(1):33–43
Marais W (1984) Tulipa L. In: Davis PH (ed) Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 8, 302–311
Ocak A, Alan S, Ataşlar E (2004) Morphological, anatomical and ecological studies on Tulipa armena Boiss. var. lycica (Baker) Marais (Liliaceae). Turk J Bot 28:427–434
Öztürk M, Akçiçek E, Özçelik H, Sayar A (1997) Tulip in Turkish Art and Folklore. Proceedings of the second International Scientific Conference, Cario 17–20 March, pp 367–374
Özhatay N (2002) Diversity of bulbous monocots in Turkey with special reference. Chromosome numbers. Pure ApplChem 74(4):547–555
Persson K (2000) Two new bulbous species from the Central Taurus Mountains of Turkey. New Plantsman 7:200–208
Punt W, Blackmore S, Nilsson S, Le Thomas A (1994) Glossary of pollen and spore terminology. LPP Foundation, Utrecht
Raamsdonk LWD, de Vries T (1992) Biosystematic studies in Tulipa sect. Eriostemones (Liliaceae). Pl Syst Evol 179:27–41
Satıl F, Akan H (2006) Anatomical studies on some endemic and rare geophytes of Liliaceae Family. Ekoloji 15(58):21–27
Stork A (1984) Tulipes sauvages et cultivées. Conserv Jardin Bot Genève, 185 pp
Terzioğlu S, Coşkunçelebi K (2002) Tulipa gumusanica (Liliaceae), a new species from Turkey. Ann Bot Fenn 39:149–151
Torskangerpoll K, Nøræk R, Nodland E, Øvstedal DO, Andersen ØM (2005) Anthocyanin content of Tulipa species and cultivars and its impact on tepal colours. Biochem Syst Ecol 33:499–510
USDA (1996) Soil Survey Laboratory Methods Manual, United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Survey Investigations Report No: 42, Version 3
Vardar Y (1987) Botanikte preparasyon tekniği. Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi, İzmir
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to express their special thanks to Dr. R. I. Milne (Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, The University of Edinburgh) for his critical reading of the manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Coşkunçelebi, K., Terzioğlu, S., Türkmen, Z. et al. A comparative study on two closely relative Tulipa L. taxa from NE Anatolia. Plant Syst Evol 276, 191–198 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-008-0094-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-008-0094-z