Abstract
A dipyrromethane functionalized monomer, 5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)dipyrromethane (DP), was synthesized to examine the spectral differences of its copolymer and blend with 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene. Electrochemical polymerization, copolymerization, and blending of DP were achieved in LiClO4/Acetonitrile. Spectral and electrochromic properties of products were investigated. Spectral properties of copolymer and blend revealed great differences from each other and also from their corresponding homopolymers. Effect of monomer feed ratio on the spectral properties of copolymer was also investigated.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Fesser K, Bishop AR, Campbell DK (1983) Optical absorption from polarons in a model of polyacetylene. Phys Rev B 27:4804–4825
Wang B, Zhao J, Cui C, Liu R, Liu J, Wang H, Liu H (2011) Electrochromic properties of a novel low band gap conjugated copolymer based on 1,4-bis(2-thienyl)-naphthalene and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene. Electrochim Acta 56:4819–4827
Yue R, Chen S, Liu C, Lu B, Xu J, Wang J, Liu G (2012) Synthesis, characterization, and thermoelectric properties of a conducting copolymer of 1,12-bis(carbazolyl)dodecane and thieno[3,2-b]thiophene. J Solid State Electrochem 16:117–126
Inzelt G (2011) Rise and rise of conducting polymers. J Solid State Electrochem 15:1711–1718
Ak M, Yigitsoy B, Yagci Y, Toppare L (2007) Gas sensing property of a conducting copolymer. e-Polymers 042:1–8
Tarkuc S, Ak M, Onurhan E, Toppare L (2007) Electrochromic properties of trimeric thiophene-pyrrole-thiophene derivative grown from electrodeposited 6-(2,5-di(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)hexan-1-amine and its copolymer. J Macromol Sci, Pure Appl Chem 45:164–171
Spencer HJ, Skabara PJ, Giles M, McCulloch I, Coles SJ, Hursthouse MB (2005) The first direct experimental comparison between the hugely contrasting properties of PEDOT and the all-sulfur analogue PEDTT by analogy with well-defined EDTT–EDOT copolymers. J Mater Chem 15:4783–4792
Camurlu P, Durak T, Balan A, Toppare L (2011) Electronic and optical properties of dibenzothiophen-S, S-dioxide and EDOT based conducting polymers. Synth Met 161:1898–1905
Shah AA, Holze R (2006) Copolymers and two-layered composites of poly(o-aminophenol) and polyaniline. J Solid State Electrochem 11:38–51
Ramanavičius A, Ramanavičienė A, Malinauskas A (2006) Electrochemical sensors based on conducting polymer-polypyrrole. Electrochim Acta 51(27):6025–6037
Ak M, Ak MS, Kurtay G, Güllü M, Toppare L (2010) Synthesis and electropolymerization of 1,2-bis(thiophen-3-ylmethoxy)benzene and its electrochromic properties and electrochromic device application. Solid State Sci 12(7):1199–1204
Celebi S, Baran D, Balan A, Toppare L (2010) Enhancing electrochromic and kinetic properties of poly(2,3-bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)-5,8-di(1H-pyrrol-2-yl) quinoxaline) by copolymerization. Electrochim Acta 55(7):2373–2376
Brotherston ID, Mudigonda DSK, Osborn JM, Belk J, Chen J, Loveday DC, Boehme JL, Ferraris JP, Meeker DL (1999) Tailoring the electrochromic properties of devices via polymer blends, copolymers, laminates and patterns. Electrochim Acta 44:2993–3004
Pomerantz M, Tseng JJ, Zhu H, Sproull SJ, Reynolds JR, Uitz R, Arnott HJ, Haider MI (1991) Processable polymers and copolymers of 3-alkylthiophenes and their blends. Synth Met 41(3):825–830
Ak M, Ak MS, Güllü M, Toppare L (2007) Optoelectrochemical properties of poly(5,12-dihydrothieno[3′,4′:2,3][1, 4] dioxocino[6,7-b]quinoxaline-co-2,2' bithiophene) and its electrochromic device application. Smart Mater Struct 16:2621–2626
Ak M, Gancheva V, Terlemezyan L, Tanyeli C, Toppare L (2008) Synthesis of a dipyrromethane functionalized monomer and optoelectrochromic properties of its polymer. Eur Polym J 44(8):2567–2573
Van Hare AEH, Groenendaal L, Peerlings HWI, Havinga EE, Vekemans JAJM, Janssen RAJ, Meijer EW (1995) Unusual redox behavior of α-oligoheteroaromatic compounds: an ıncreasing first oxidation potential with ıncreasing conjugation length. Chem Mater 7(10):1984–1989
Acknowledgments
One of the authors (M. AK) gratefully thanks the PAUBAP 2009KKP057 and 2010FBE075 grants.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ak, M., Cetişli, H. & Toppare, L. Blend or copolymer? Spectroelectrochemical evidence of copolymerization and blending of two electrochromic monomers. Colloid Polym Sci 291, 767–772 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-012-2787-7
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-012-2787-7