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Relationship of plasma and synovial fluid BMP-7 with disease severity in knee osteoarthritis patients: a pilot study

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Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) levels in both plasma and synovial fluid of patients with primary knee osteoarthritis (OA) and to determine their relationship to disease severity. Thirty-two patients with knee OA and 15 healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. Anteroposterior knee radiographs were taken to determine the disease severity of the affected knee. The radiographic grading of OA in the knee was performed using the Kellgren-Lawrence criteria. BMP-7 levels in the plasma and synovial fluid were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mean plasma BMP-7 concentration of the knee OA patients was significantly higher compared with that of healthy controls (12.1 ± 1.6 vs 3.5 ± 0.9 pg/ml, P = 0.001). Although BMP-7 levels in plasma were higher with respect to paired synovial fluid samples, the difference was not statistically significant (12.1 ± 1.6 vs 10.5 ± 2.2 pg/ml, P = 0.3). Subsequent analysis showed that plasma BMP-7 levels significantly correlated with disease severity (r = 0.77, P < 0.001). Furthermore, the synovial fluid levels of BMP-7 also correlated with disease severity (r = 0.60, P < 0.001). In addition, plasma BMP-7 levels showed a positive correlation with synovial fluid BMP-7 levels (r = 0.71, P < 0.001). Overexpression of BMP-7 in plasma and synovial fluid is related to progressive joint damage in knee OA. These findings suggest that BMP-7 might serve as a biochemical parameter for determining disease severity in primary knee OA and could play a potential role in cartilage protection and repair of OA.

Résumé

Le but de cette étude est de réaliser une investigation concernant les taux de BMP-7 au niveau plasmatique et synovial des patients présentant une arthrose primaire du genou (OA) et de déterminer leurs relations avec la sévérité de la pathologie. 32 patients présentant une OA du genou et 15 patients sains ont été enrôlés dans cette étude. Les radiographies face/profil du genou ont été réalisées de façon à déterminer le niveau d’altération cartilagineuse du genou atteint. L’importance de l’OA au niveau du genou a été classée selon les critères de Kellgren Lawrence et les taux de BMP7 au niveau du plasma et du liquide synovial ont été mesurés par absorption enzymatique. La concentration moyenne plasmatique de BMP7 des patients présentant une OA du genou était significativement plus élevée que chez les sujets sains (12.1+/−1.6vs 3.5 +/−0.9 pg/ml, P = 0.3001). Bien que les taux plasmatiques soient plus élevés, il n’en est pas de même au niveau du liquide synovial, la différence n’étant pas statistiquement significative (12.1 +/−1.6 vs 10.5 +/− 2.2 pg/ml, P = 0.3) En conséquence cette analyse montre que les taux plasmatiques de BMP7 sont corrélés de façon significative avec la sévérité de la pathologie (r = 0.77, P < 0.001). De façon comparative, les taux de BMP7 au niveau du liquide synovial sont aussi corrélés avec l’importance de la pathologie (r = 0.60,P < 0.001), de plus les taux plasmatiques de BMP7 sont corrélés positivement avec les taux de BMP7 synoviaux (r = 0.71, P < 0.001). L’augmentation de l’expression de la BMP7 plasmatique et synoviale est en relation avec les dommages articulaires du genou. Ceci nous permet de penser que le BMP7 est un paramètre biochimique qui permet de déterminer la sévérité de l’atteinte des genoux dans l’arthrose et peut jouer un rôle potentiel dans la protection du cartilage ou dans sa réparation.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by grants from Ratchadapiseksompotch Fund, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand Research Fund (DBG4980017), and the National Research Council of Thailand. The authors are grateful to Chulalongkorn Medical Research Center (ChulaMRC) for contributing facilities.

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Correspondence to Sittisak Honsawek.

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Honsawek, S., Chayanupatkul, M., Tanavalee, A. et al. Relationship of plasma and synovial fluid BMP-7 with disease severity in knee osteoarthritis patients: a pilot study. International Orthopaedics (SICOT) 33, 1171–1175 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-009-0751-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-009-0751-z

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