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Life history and host specificity ofAltica cyanea [Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae], a potential biological control agent for water primrose,Ludwigia adscendens

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Abstract

The life history and host-specificity of the flea beetle,Altica cyanea (Weber) [Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae], were studied to determine its potential value as a biological control agent for water primrose,Ludwigia adscendens (Onagraceae). Females laid a mean of 146 yellowish eggs in masses on this weed and larvae passed through 3 instars. This multivoltine insect completed a generation in 80–84 days. In preliminary host-specificity trials, larvae and adults fed slightly on 2 varieties ofTrapanatans, but they caused considerable damage toLudwigia spp.; no feeding occurred on rice. In host plant choice tests, larvae and adults preferred to feed onL. adscendens andL. prostata toT. natans. In these same tests, onlyLudwigia spp. supported complete development, but it was fastest onL. adscendens. Adults that were reared onL. adscendens lived longer and laid more eggs than those reared onL. prostata, suggesting thatA. cyanea may be a promising biological control agent forL. adscendens growing in rice-paddies. AdultZicrona coerulea L. [Hemiptera: Pentatomidae] preyed upon 3rd instarA. cyanea larvae in the laboratory.

Résumé

Le cycle évolutif et la spécificité vis-à-vis de l'hôte de l'Altise,Altica cyanea (Weber) (Col.: Chrysomelidae) ont été étudiés pour déterminer sa valeur potentielle comme agent de lutte biologique pour la primevère aquatique,Ludwigia adscendens (Onagraceae). Les femelles pondent sur la plante une masse de 146 oeufs jaunâtres en moyenne et les larves passent par 3 stades successifs. La durée d'une génération de cet insecte multivoltin est de 80–84 jours. Dans les essais préliminaires de spécificité, les larves et les adultes se nourrissaient légèrement sur 2 variétés deTrapa natans, mais causaient des dégâts considérables àLudwigia spp. et n'attaquaient pas le riz. Dans les essais de choix de la plante-hôte, les larves et les adultes préféraient se nourrir surL. adscendens etL. prostrata plutôt que surT. natans. Dans ces mêmes tests, seulLudwigia spp. permettait le complet développement qui était le plus rapide surL. adscendens. Les adultes qui ont été élevés surL. adscendens vivaient plus longtemps et pondaient davantage que ceux élévés comparativement surL. prostrata, ce qui suggérait qu'A. cyanea peut être un agent prometteur de lutte biologique pourL. adscendens croissant dans les rizières. Les adultes deZicrona coerulea L. [Hemiptera: Pentatomidae] se nourrissaient sur les 3e stades larvaires d'A. cyanea au laboratoire.

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Nayek, T.K., Banerjee, T.C. Life history and host specificity ofAltica cyanea [Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae], a potential biological control agent for water primrose,Ludwigia adscendens . Entomophaga 32, 407–414 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02372450

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