References
Alexander, Karl L., Reilly, Thomas W. and Fennessey, James (1981). “Issues in instrumental variables analysis”, American Sociological Review 46: 937–941.
Back, Kurt (1950). “The exertion of influence through social communications”, Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 46: 92–99.
Barnard, Chester I. (1938). The Functions of the Executive. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Berkowitz, Leonard (1954). “Group standards, cohesiveness and productivity”, Human Relations 27: 509–519.
Blau, Peter M. (1960). “Structural effects”, American Sociological Review 25: 178–193.
Coleman, James S. (1964). Introduction to Mathematical Sociology. New York: Free Press.
Coleman, James S., ed. (1971). Sociological Methodology 1970. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Cramer, James C. (1980). “Fertility and female employment: problems of causal direction”, American Sociological Review 45: 167–190.
Cramer, James C. (1981). “Instrumental variables analysis”, American Sociological Review 46: 942.
Daniels, H.E. (1944). “The relation between measures of correlation in the universe of sample permutations”, Biometrika 33: 129–135.
Dayan, Moshe (1967). A Diary of the Sinai Campaign. New York: Shocken Books.
Duncan, Otis D. (1975). Introduction to Structural Equation Models. New York: Academic Press.
Duncan, Otis D., Haller, Archibald O. and Portes, Alejandro, 1968. “Peer influences on aspirations: a reinterpretation”, American Journal of Sociology 74: 119–137.
Egbert, Robert L., et al. (1957). “Fighter I: an analysis of combat fighters and nonfighters”, Technical Report No. 44, Human Resources Research Office, George Washington University, Washington, DC.
Etzioni, Amitai (1975). A Comparative Analysis of Complex Organizations. New York: Free Press.
Farago, Ladislas, ed. (1942). German Psychological Warface. New York: Putnam.
Frank, Jerome (1974). Persuasion and Healing. New York: Schocken Books.
Freud, Sigmund (trans. James Strachey) (1959). Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego. New York: Norton.
Gabriel, Richard A. and Savage, Paul L. (1978). Crisis in Command: Mismanagement in the Army. New York: Hill and Wang.
Homans, George (1961). Social Behavior: its Elementary Forms. New York: Harcourt, Brace.
Janowitz, Morris (1960). The Professional Soldier. New York: Free Press.
Janowitz, Morris (in collaboration with Roger Little) (1965). Sociology and the Military Establishment. New York: Russell Sage.
Janowitz, Morris (1971). The Professional Soldier. New York: Free Press.
Keegan, John (1977). The Face of Battle. New York: Vintage Books.
Land, Kenneth and Felson, Marcus (1978). “Sensitivity analysis of arbitrarily indentified simultaneous-equation models”, Sociological Methods and Research 6: 28305.
Lang, Kurt (1980). “American military performance in Vietnam: background and analysis”, Journal of Political and Military Sociology 8.
Lazarsfeld, Paul F., Pasanella, Anne and Rosenberg, Morris (1972). Continuities in the Language of Social Research. New York: Free Press.
Little, R.W. (1964). “Buddy relations and combat performance”, in M.Janowitz, ed., The New Military. New York: Russell Sage.
Merton, Robert K. and Lazarsfeld, Paul F. (1950). Continuities in Social Research: The American Soldier. New York: Free Press.
Meyers, S.M. and Biderman, A.D., eds., 1968. Mass Behaviour in Battle and Captivity: The Communist Soldier in the Korean War. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Moskos, Charles C. (1970). The American Enlisted Man. New York: Russell Sage.
Moskos, Charles C. (1975). “The American combat soldier in Vietnam”, Journal of Social Issues 31: 25–37.
Moskos, Charles C. (1976). “The Military”, Annual Review of Sociology 2: 55–77.
Moskos, Charles C. (1980). “Surviving the war in Vietnam”, in Charles R.Figley and SeymourLeventman, eds., Stranger at Home: Vietnam Veterans Since the War. New York: Praeger.
Ouchi, William G. (1981). Theory Z: How American Business Can Meet the Japanese Challenge. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Selvin, Hanan (1960). The Effects of Leadership. New York: Free Press.
Shachter, Stanley, Ellertson, N., McBride, D. and Gregory, D. (1960). “An experimental study of cohesiveness and productivity”, pp. 152–162 in D.Cartwright and A.Zander, eds. Group Dynamics: Research and Theory. 2nd edn. Evanston: Row, Peterson.
Shils, Edward A. and Janowitz, Morris (1968). “Cohesion and disintegration in the Whehrmacht in World War II”, Public Opinion Quarterly 12: 280–315.
Smith, Robert B. (1973). Why Soldiers Fight. Cambridge, MA: Social Structural Research Inc.
Smith, Robert B. (1974). “Continuities in ordinal path analysis”, Social Forces 53: 200–229.
Smith, Robert B. (1977a). “Proportional reduction in error interpretations for Daniels' T2 and its special cases”, Social Forces 55: 1067–1075.
Smith, Robert B. (1977b). “Proportional reduction in error interpretations for the squared generalized multiple, partial and multiple-partial correlation coefficients and their special cases”, Social Forces 56: 668–702.
Smith, Robert B. (1981). “Generalized pairwise semipartial correlation, commonalities analysis and path analysis: some PRE interpretations and convergences”, Quality and Quantity 15: 279–303.
Stokes, Donald E. (1970). “Compound paths in political analysis”, Mathematical Applications in Political Science 5.
Stouffer, Samuel A., Suchman, Edward A., DeVinney, Leland C., Starr, Shirley A. and Williams, Robin M.Jr. (1949). The American Soldier. Vol. I. Adjustment During Army Life. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Stouffer, Samuel A., Lumsdaine, Arthur A., Lumsdaine, Marion Harper, Williams, Robin M.Jr., Brewster-Smith, M., Janis, Irving L., Starr, Shirley A. and Cottrell, Leonard S.Jr. (1949). The American Soldiers. Vol. II. Combat and Its Aftermath. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Smith, R.B. Why soldiers fight. Part I. Leadership, cohesion and fighter spirit. Qual Quant 18, 1–32 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00221449
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00221449