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RNA Recognition via TLR7 and TLR8

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Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) and Innate Immunity

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 183))

In this chapter we focus on immunorecognition of RNA by two members of the family of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), TLR7, and TLR8. While any long single-stranded RNA is readily recognized by both TLR7 and TLR8, sequencedependent activation of TLR7 and TLR8 becomes more evident when using short RNA oligonucleotides. RNA oligonucleotides containing sequence motifs for TLR7 and TLR8 are termed is RNA (immunostimulatory RNA). Moreover, short doublestranded RNA oligonucleotides as used for siRNA (short interfering RNA) containing such sequences function primarily as ligands for TLR7 but not TLR8. Even in the presence of appropriate sequence motifs, RNA is not detected by TLR7 and TLR8 when certain chemical modifications are present. Both immunological recognition and ignorance are relevant for the development of RNA-based therapeutics, depending on the clinical setting for which they are developed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany

    Veit Hornung

  2. Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, 53105, Bonn, Germany

    Winfried Barchet & Martin Schlee

  3. Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany

    Gunther Hartmann

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  1. Veit Hornung
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  2. Winfried Barchet
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  3. Martin Schlee
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  4. Gunther Hartmann
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Immunologie BMFZ, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 2, D-35043, Marburg, Germany

    Stefan Bauer

  2. Abteilung für Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, D-53105, Bonn, Germany

    Gunther Hartmann

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Hornung, V., Barchet, W., Schlee, M., Hartmann, G. (2008). RNA Recognition via TLR7 and TLR8. In: Bauer, S., Hartmann, G. (eds) Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) and Innate Immunity. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 183. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72167-3_4

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