Abstract
Site-specific antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) technologies are highly desirable for the production of therapeutics with well-defined biochemical and pharmacological characteristics. We have developed a strategy to produce site-specific ADCs using a highly reactive lysine residue embedded in a dual-variable-domain (DVD) format. Here we provide protocols for the engineering, expression, and purification of the DVDs used for this strategy. We also provide a protocol for DVD–drug conjugation and describe methods for their biochemical characterization, including a catalytic assay to monitor conjugation efficiency.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Beck A, Goetsch L, Dumontet C, Corvaia N (2017) Strategies and challenges for the next generation of antibody-drug conjugates. Nat Rev Drug Discov 16:315–337
Carter PJ, Lazar GA (2017) Next generation antibody drugs: pursuit of the 'high-hanging fruit'. Nat Rev Drug Discov 17:197–223
Hamblett KJ, Senter PD, Chace DF, Sun MM, Lenox J, Cerveny CG, Kissler KM, Bernhardt SX, Kopcha AK, Zabinski RF, Meyer DL, Francisco JA (2004) Effects of drug loading on the antitumor activity of a monoclonal antibody drug conjugate. Clin Cancer Res 10:7063–7070
Agarwal P, Bertozzi CR (2015) Site-specific antibody–drug conjugates: the nexus of bioorthogonal chemistry, protein engineering, and drug development. Bioconjug Chem 26:176–192
Panowski S, Bhakta S, Raab H, Polakis P, Junutula JR (2014) Site-specific antibody drug conjugates for cancer therapy. MAbs 6:34–45
Nanna AR, Li X, Walseng E, Pedzisa L, Goydel RS, Hymel D, Burke TR Jr, Roush WR, Rader C (2017) Harnessing a catalytic lysine residue for the one-step preparation of homogeneous antibody-drug conjugates. Nat Commun 8:1112
Rader C, Turner JM, Heine A, Shabat D, Sinha SC, Wilson IA, Lerner RA, Barbas CF (2003) A humanized aldolase antibody for selective chemotherapy and adaptor immunotherapy. J Mol Biol 332:889–899
Rader C (2014) Chemically programmed antibodies. Trends Biotechnol 32:186–197
Walseng E, Nelson CG, Qi J, Nanna AR, Roush WR, Goswami RK, Sinha SC, Burke TR Jr, Rader C (2016) Chemically programmed bispecific antibodies in diabody format. J Biol Chem 291:19661–19673
List B, Barbas CF 3rd, Lerner RA (1998) Aldol sensors for the rapid generation of tunable fluorescence by antibody catalysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95:15351–15355
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Nanna, A.R., Rader, C. (2019). Engineering Dual Variable Domains for the Generation of Site-Specific Antibody–Drug Conjugates. In: Massa, S., Devoogdt, N. (eds) Bioconjugation. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2033. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9654-4_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9654-4_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-9653-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-9654-4
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols