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Fipronil: Environmental Fate, Ecotoxicology, and Human Health Concerns

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Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

Part of the book series: Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology ((RECT,volume 176))

Abstract

Fipronil is a commercial insecticide discovered and developed by Rhône-Poulenc between 1985 and 1987 and released to the market in 1993. It is a member of a relatively new and small class of pesticides, the phenyl pyrazoles or fiproles, which are principally chemicals having herbicidal effects (Rhône-Poulenc 1995). Fipronil, however, acts as an insecticide with contact and stomach action. It is highly effective against a variety of insect pests, but concerns have been voiced about its environmental and human health effects (USEPA 1996; World Bank 1998; Dinham 2000). Its use worldwide is increasing, and it has been actively marketed throughout a wide range of industrialized and developing countries (Anonymous 2000a–e).

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  1. Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich at Medway, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK

    Colin C. D. Tingle

  2. Environmental Microbiologist, Crown Biosystems, Bioscience Innovation Building, Sittingbourne Research Centre, Sittingbourne, Kent, ME9 8AG, UK

    Joachim A. Rother

  3. The NR Group member, Ellanore House, Ellanore Lane, West Wittering, Chichester, W. Sussex, PO20 8AN, UK

    Charles F. Dewhurst

  4. NRI Associate, 25 Wissage Lane, Lichfield, WS12 7DQ, UK

    Sasha Lauer

  5. Pesticide Management Consultant, Omega, Mill Lane, Harthip, Sittingbourne, Kent, ME9 7TB, UK

    William J. King

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Tingle, C.C.D., Rother, J.A., Dewhurst, C.F., Lauer, S., King, W.J. (2003). Fipronil: Environmental Fate, Ecotoxicology, and Human Health Concerns. In: Ware, G.W. (eds) Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, vol 176. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7283-5_1

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