Abstract
Solubilized maraging-400 alloys were aged at 480 °C, 580 °C, and 650 °C, for 3, 6, and 12 hours and characterized by X-ray diffraction (Rietveld refinement), Mössbauer spectroscopy, and microhardness tests. The results revealed that the aging treatments induced an atomic rearrangement in the martensite phase, involving a change in the composition and lattice parameters, reversion of austenite, and, in some samples, the formation of the μ phase. The amounts of reverted and precipitated phases were dependent on the aging time and temperature. The tetragonal distortion from cubic symmetry, usually presented by martensite in solution-annealed maraging steels, was not eliminated after aging. The results obtained for these maraging-400 alloys are compared with those obtained for maraging-350 steel samples.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
The A2/A3 ratio indicates the samples’ magnetic texture, which = 4 or 0, for magnetization that is fully parallel or fully perpendicular to the sample plane, respectively, and = 2 to a random magnetization; A1/A3 is always = 3.[6]
The Γ1/Γ2 and Γ2/Γ3 ratios indicate the variability of the atomic configuration around the iron atoms; both = 1 when the iron has only one type of neighborhood.[6]
References
[1] J. R. Mihalisin, C. G. Bieber: J. Metals, 1966, vol. 18, pp. 1033-1036.
A.G.F. Padial: Thesis, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, São Paulo, 2002.
T.J.B. Alves, G.C.S. Nunes, P.W.C. Sarvezuk, F. F. Ivashita, A. M. H. Andrade, A. Viegas, A. Paesano Jr.: Hyp. Interact., 2017, vol. 238:45, pp. 1-9.
J. Rodríguez-Carvajal: Abstract of the Satellite Meeting on Powder Diffraction of the XV IUCr Congress, 1990, p. 127.
G.C.S. Nunes, P.W.C. Sarvezuk, T.J.B. Alves, V. Biondo, F. F. Ivashita, A. Paesano Jr.: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2017, vol. 421, pp. 457-461.
V. I. Goldanskii, E. F. Makarov: Chemical Applications of Mössbauer Spectroscopy, Eds. V. I. Goldanskii & R. H, Herber, Academic Press, New York and London, 1968, pp. 1- 113.
A. K. Sinha, R. A. Bruckley, W. Hume-Rothery: J. of the Iron and Steel Institute, 1967, vol. 205, pp. 191-195.
[8] A.M. Van Der Kraan, K.H.J. Buschow: Phys. Rev. B, 1986, vol. 138, pp. 55-62.
[9] G.C.S. Nunes, P.W.C. Sarvezuk, V. Biondo, M.C. Blanco, M.V.S. Nunes, A.M.H. Andrade, A. Paesano Jr.: J. Alloys Compd., 2015, vol. 646, pp. 321-325.
[10] U.K. Viswanathan, G.K. Dey, M.K. Asundi: Metall. Trans. A, 1993, vol. 24, pp. 2429-2442.
[11] A. Davydov, U.R. Kattner: J. Phase Equilib., 1999, vol. 20, pp. 5 – 16.
J.R. Davis: ASM Handbook: Nickel, Cobalt, and Their Alloys, 2000, pp. 356–61.
[13] T.R. Tewari, S. Mazumder, I.S. Batra, G.K. Dey, S. Banerjee: Acta Mater., 2000, vol. 48, pp. 1187-1200.
[14] I. Vincze, I.A. Campbell: J. Phys. F: Metal Phys., 1973, vol. 3, pp. 647-663.
[15] H.L. Marcus, M.E. Fine, L.H. Schwartz: J. Appl. Phys., 1967, vol. 38, pp. 4750-4758.
B. Pickardt: Dissertation, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Hamburg, 2003.
M. Ron: Application of Mössbauer Spectroscopy, Ed. R. L. Cohen, Academic Press, New York, 1980, pp. 346.
M. Schmidt, K. Rohrbach: ASM Handbook: Heat Treating, 1991, pp. 528-548.
Acknowledgments
The authors thank the Brazilian Foundations CAPES (Edital Pró-Estratégia 50/2011 – Projeto 3) and CNPq (processo 309121/2014-0), for supporting this research.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Manuscript submitted November 21, 2017.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Alves, T.J.B., Nunes, G.C.S., Tupan, L.F.S. et al. Aging-Induced Transformations of Maraging-400 Alloys. Metall Mater Trans A 49, 3441–3449 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-018-4724-y
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-018-4724-y