Skip to main content
Log in

The hierarchical terminology technique: a method to address terminology inconsistency

  • Research Paper
  • Published:
Quality & Quantity Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A review of prior research in the computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW) field found that the terminology and definitions used by researchers were inconsistent, with some terms being defined differently but then used interchangeably. Inconsistency in the use of terminology makes it difficult to determine what technology is being used in the research and where a research study fits into the research field. Authors in many fields describe the problem of inconsistent terminology use. A suitable method for identifying inconsistencies and structuring terminology for greater clarity of terminology use in a given research field was not identified. This paper presents a new method, the hierarchical terminology technique (HTT), which is a form of qualitative content analysis process that extends the idea of concept mapping. HTT was developed for this research problem to structure a hierarchy of terms to expose the relationship between the terms. This technique includes terminology identification, analysis and presentation to show the scope of the research field, and to present terminology and definitions to improve consistency. This technique could be used in other fields of study.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alter S.: Same words, different meanings: are basic IS/IT concepts our self-imposed tower of Babel?  Commun. Assoc. Inf. Syst. 3(10), 1–89 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  • Australian National University: Australian National Dictionary: Australian Words and Their Origins. Oxford University Press, Melbourne (1988)

  • Bormann E.G.: Communication Theory. Holt, Rinehart & Winston, New York (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruce B.C., Levin J.A.: Educational technology: media for inquiry, communication, construction, and expression. J. Educ. Comput. Res. 17(1), 79–102 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cavana R.Y., Delahaye B.L., Sekaran U.: Applied Business Research: Qualitative and Quantitative Methods. Wiley, Milton (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooper D.R., Emory C.W.: Business Research Methods. Irwin, Boston (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  • Davidson J.O., Layder D.: Methods: Sex and Madness. Routledge, London (1994)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Denzin N.K., Lincoln Y.S.: Handbook of Qualitative Research. Sage, Thousand Oaks (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gaver, W.W.: The affordances of media spaces for collaboration. In: Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW92), Toronto, pp. 17–24 (1992)

  • Gruber T.R.: A translation approach to portable ontology specifications. Knowl. Acquis. 5(2), 199–220 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grudin J.: CSCW introduction (computer supported cooperative work) (cover story). Commun. ACM 34(12), 30–35 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gutwin, C., Greenberg, S.: Workspace awareness for groupware. Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI’96 Conference on Human Factors in Computing System, Vancouver, pp. 208–209 (2006)

  • Hacking I.: Why Does Language Matter to Philosophy? Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hasselbring W.: On defining computer science terminology. Commun. ACM 42(2), 88–91 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hayashi, K., et al.: Activity awareness: a framework for sharing knowledge of people, projects, and places. In: Sixth European Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (ECSCW), Copenhagen, pp. 99–119 (1999)

  • Hiltz S.R., Turoff M.: The evolution of user behavior in a computerized conferencing system. Commun. ACM 24(11), 739–751 (1981)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hiltz, S.R., Johnson, K., Rabke, A.M.: The process of communication in face to face vs. computerized conferences: a controlled experiment using sales interaction process analyzer. In: 18th Conference on Association for Computational Linguistics, Philadelphia, PA, USA, pp. 75–79 (1980)

  • Ishida K., Ohta T.: An approach for organizing knowledge according to terminology and representing it visually. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. C 32(4), 366–373 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jang C.Y., Steinfield C., Pfaff B.: Supporting awareness among virtual teams in a web-based collaborative system: the TeamSCOPE system. SIGGROUP Bull. 21(3), 28–34 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kemeny, J.G. (eds): A Philosopher Looks at Science. Il Saggiatore, Milano (1959)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kwasnik B.H.: The role of classification in knowledge representation and discovery. Library Trends. 48(1), 22–47 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  • Landauer, J., Rowlands, J.: Importance of Philosophy: Hierarchical knowledge. http://www.importanceofphilosophy.com/Epistemology_HierarchicalKnowledge.html (2001). Accessed 31 August 2004

  • LaPorte J.: Affect, terminology, and a bit of tongue-in-cheek. J. Technol. Educ. 14(2), 1–3 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  • LeCompte M.D.: Analyzing qualitative data. Theory Pract. 39(3), 146–154 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Letson, R.: Taxonomies put content in context. Transform Magazine, pp. 1–10, December (2001)

  • Macquarie Dictionary Online: McMillan Publishers Australia. http://macquarieonline.com.au/dictionary.html (2003). Accessed 23 August 2003

  • Marradi A.: Classification, typology, taxonomy. Qual. Quant. XX(2), 129–157 (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  • Miles M.B., Huberman A.M.: Qualitative Data Analysis: A Sourcebook of New Methods. Sage, Thousand Oaks (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  • Morris C.W.: Foundations of the Theory of Signs. University of Chicago Press, Chicago (1938)

    Google Scholar 

  • Neuman W.L.: Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Allyn & Bacon, Needham Heights (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  • Noy N.F., McGuinness D.L.: Ontology Development 101: A Guide to Creating Your First Ontology. Stanford Medical Informatics, Standford University, Stanford (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  • Oppenheim A.N.: Questionnaire Design, Interviewing and Attitude Measurement. St. Martin’s Press, New York (1992)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pollard C.: Exploring continued and discontinued use of IT: a case study of OptionFinder, a group support system. Group Decis. Negot. 12, 171–193 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sarantakos S.: Social Research. MacMillan Education Australia, South Melbourne (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  • Siao K.: Evaluating the usability of a group support system using co-discovery. J. Comput. Inf. Syst. 44(2), 17–29 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  • Spradley, J.P. (eds): The Ethnographic Interview. Rinehart & Winston, New York (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  • Strobel M., Weinhardt C.: The Montreal taxonomy for electronic negotiations. Group Decis. Negot. 12, 143–164 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Turner P., Turner S.: End-user perspectives on the uptake of computer supported cooperative working. J. End User Comput. 14(2), 3–15 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Turoff, M., Hiltz, S.R.: User behavior patterns in the electronic information exchange system. In: Proceedings of the ACM Annual Meeting, pp. 659–665 (1978)

  • Walsh R.: A response to eight views on terminology: is it possible to tame the wild beast of inconsistency? Adv. Speech Lang. Pathol. 7(2), 105–111 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ward, A.: Service product knowledge. Dissertation, School of Marketing, Advertising and Public Relations, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane (1995)

  • Ward, S.A., Whymark, G.K.: The need for categorization of groupware. Paper presented at the world multi-conference on systematics, cybernetics and informatics, Orlando, Florida, 22–25 July 2001

  • Weber R.P.: Basic Content Analysis. Sage, Newbury Park (1990)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sylvia A. Ward.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ward, S.A. The hierarchical terminology technique: a method to address terminology inconsistency. Qual Quant 46, 71–87 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-010-9328-6

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-010-9328-6

Keywords

Navigation