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Sulfonate-terminated carbosilane dendron-coated nanotubes: a greener point of view in protein sample preparation

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Abstract

Reduction or removal of solvents and reagents in protein sample preparation is a requirement. Dendrimers can strongly interact with proteins and have great potential as a greener alternative to conventional methods used in protein sample preparation. This work proposes the use of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) functionalized with carbosilane dendrons with sulfonate groups for protein sample preparation and shows the successful application of the proposed methodology to extract proteins from a complex matrix. SEM images of nanotubes and mixtures of nanotubes and proteins were taken. Moreover, intrinsic fluorescence intensity of proteins was monitored to observe the most significant interactions at increasing dendron generations under neutral and basic pHs. Different conditions for the disruption of interactions between proteins and nanotubes after protein extraction and different concentrations of the disrupting reagent and the nanotube were also tried. Compatibility of extraction and disrupting conditions with the enzymatic digestion of proteins for obtaining bioactive peptides was also studied. Finally, sulfonate-terminated carbosilane dendron-coated SWCNTs enabled the extraction of proteins from a complex sample without using non-environmentally friendly solvents that were required so far.

Green protein extraction from a complex sample employing carbosilane dendron coated nanotubes.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (ref. AGL2012-36362, AGL2016-79010-R, and CTQ-2014-54004-P). E.G.G., M.C.G., and M.L.M. also thank the Comunidad Autónoma of Madrid (Spain) and European funding from FEDER program (project S2013/ABI-3028, AVANSECAL-CM). E.G.-G. thanks the University of Alcalá for her pre-doctoral contract and C.G.U. thanks the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (FPI 2012) for his pre-doctoral contract. The authors thank Jorge Pérez Serrano, chief of the CAI Medicina y Biología de la Universidad de Alcalá, for his kind assistance with scanning electron microscopy and Novozymes Spain for the generous donation of Alcalase enzyme. CIBER-BBN is an initiative funded by the VI National R&D&i Plan 2008–2011, Iniciativa Ingenio 2010, Consolider Program, CIBER Actions and financed by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III with assistance from the European Regional Development Fund.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain

    Estefanía González-García, María Luisa Marina & María Concepción García

  2. Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain

    Carlos E. Gutiérrez Ulloa & Francisco Javier de la Mata

  3. Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Málaga, Spain

    Carlos E. Gutiérrez Ulloa & Francisco Javier de la Mata

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  1. Estefanía González-García
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  2. Carlos E. Gutiérrez Ulloa
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  3. Francisco Javier de la Mata
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  4. María Luisa Marina
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  5. María Concepción García
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Correspondence to María Concepción García.

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González-García, E., Gutiérrez Ulloa, C.E., de la Mata, F.J. et al. Sulfonate-terminated carbosilane dendron-coated nanotubes: a greener point of view in protein sample preparation. Anal Bioanal Chem 409, 5337–5348 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-017-0479-3

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