Publicación: Apuntes para la reconstrucción del panorama cantero en el Medio Vinalopó (Alicante) previo a la eclosión y comercialización de la "piedra de Novelda" a nivel nacional
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2020
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Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
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Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España). Facultad de Geografía e Historia. Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología
Resumen
Determinadas variedades de piedra del Medio Vinalopó han adquirido una gran importancia en el sector de la roca ornamental a nivel nacional e internacional a lo largo del siglo XX. El punto de despegue de esta comercialización masiva se sitúa en 1858 con la llegada del ferrocarril a la comarca y en las décadas sucesivas con la creación de las primeras industrias de roca ornamental. En este trabajo, se pretende trazar una visión general sobre la importancia de la piedra del Medio Vinalopó previamente al punto de inflexión de 1858. Tres variedades son las que disfrutaban de un gran reconocimiento tanto dentro de los límites de la comarca como fuera de ellos: la piedra de Bateig, la piedra de Monóvar y las calizas rojas del Rollo (y en menor medida, también las de Rambla Fonda). Diferentes referencias escritas contextualizan su importancia y buena valoración a nivel regional a lo largo del siglo XVIII. Si bien, tras el análisis de los materiales de construcción de edificaciones datadas, se puede afirmar que la actividad en alguna de estas canteras se remonta al siglo XIV, junto con otras que posteriormente gozaron de menor consideración. Según las referencias históricas consultadas, existía una frecuente circulación intracomarcal de piezas ya elaboradas, especialmente a lo largo del siglo XVIII. Durante este siglo, además, la consecución de grandes obras en la comarca logra fijar en estos pueblos un grupo de maestros de cantería, mientras que anteriormente, la mano de obra experta debía ser llamada a la comarca desde diferentes puntos de la geografía alicantina.
Throughout the 20th century, some stone varieties from the Medio Vinalopó region (Alicante, SE of Spain) have acquired great importance in the industrial sector of ornamental stones at a national and international level. The beginning point of this global commercialization is placed in 1858 and the successive decades, when the railroad arrives to this region and the first industries of natural stone were created here. In this paper, a general vision is drawn about the importance of the stone of the Medio Vinalopó region previously to the turning point of 1858. Three varieties had a great recognition both within the limits of the region and outside them: the Bateig stone, the Monóvar stone and the red limestones of El Rollo (and to a lesser extent, also those of Rambla Fonda). Different written references contextualize their importance at a regional level throughout the 18th century. However, after the analysis of the building materials used in dated constructions, it is possible to affirm that the activity in some to these quarries goes back to the 14th century. Finally, historical references seem to indicate that there was a frequent intra-regional circulation of elaborated pieces, especially throughout the 18th century. Moreover, during this century, the construction of several important building along the region fixed a group of master stonemasons in these towns, whereas previously to the 18th century they had to be called from different points of the Alicante geography.
Throughout the 20th century, some stone varieties from the Medio Vinalopó region (Alicante, SE of Spain) have acquired great importance in the industrial sector of ornamental stones at a national and international level. The beginning point of this global commercialization is placed in 1858 and the successive decades, when the railroad arrives to this region and the first industries of natural stone were created here. In this paper, a general vision is drawn about the importance of the stone of the Medio Vinalopó region previously to the turning point of 1858. Three varieties had a great recognition both within the limits of the region and outside them: the Bateig stone, the Monóvar stone and the red limestones of El Rollo (and to a lesser extent, also those of Rambla Fonda). Different written references contextualize their importance at a regional level throughout the 18th century. However, after the analysis of the building materials used in dated constructions, it is possible to affirm that the activity in some to these quarries goes back to the 14th century. Finally, historical references seem to indicate that there was a frequent intra-regional circulation of elaborated pieces, especially throughout the 18th century. Moreover, during this century, the construction of several important building along the region fixed a group of master stonemasons in these towns, whereas previously to the 18th century they had to be called from different points of the Alicante geography.
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Categorías UNESCO
Palabras clave
piedra de Novelda, piedra Bateig, Rojo Alicante, mármol, jaspe, Novelda stone, Bateig stone, marble, jasper
Citación
Centro
Facultad de Geografía e Historia
Departamento
Prehistoria y Arqueología