Abstract
Poyendarone, a deuterated analogue of dronedarone, is expected to reduce the onset of cardiovascular adverse events of dronedarone, including congestive heart failure and excessive QT-interval prolongation. Since information is still lacking on the anti-atrial fibrillatory property of poyendarone, we assessed it along with effects on the inter-atrial conduction time (IACT) and atrial effective refractory period (AERP) using the canine paroxysmal atrial fibrillation model. Poyendarone hydrochloride (n = 4) and dronedarone hydrochloride (n = 4) in intravenous doses of 0.3 and 3 mg/kg/30 s were cumulatively administered. Poyendarone hardly altered sinoatrial rate, but dronedarone decreased it in a dose-related manner, whereas both drugs slightly but significantly reduced idioventricular rate. Poyendarone shortened duration of burst pacing-induced atrial fibrillation, whereas such abbreviation was not observed by dronedarone. Poyendarone and dronedarone similarly prolonged IACT in a frequency-dependent manner, indicating that their INa inhibitory actions may be similar. The high dose of poyendarone prolonged AERP in a reverse frequency-dependent manner, extent of which at basic pacing cycle lengths of 300 and 400 ms was comparable to that of dronedarone. However, the extent at a basic pacing cycle length of 200 ms was tended to be greater in poyendarone than in dronedarone, suggesting greater IKs inhibitory action of poyendarone. The deuteration of dronedarone attenuated the inhibition of sinus automaticity and prolonged the AERP with keeping the blood pressure and ventricular rate stable. Thus, poyendarone may have both more potent anti-atrial fibrillatory action and wider cardiovascular safety margin than dronedarone.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
The raw data supporting the findings of this study are available as supplementary material.
References
Bogdan R, Goegelein H, Ruetten H (2011) Effect of dronedarone on Na+, Ca2+ and HCN channels. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 383:347–356
Bosch RF, Gaspo R, Busch AE, Lang HJ, Li GR, Nattel S (1998) Effects of the chromanol 293B, a selective blocker of the slow, component of the delayed rectifier K+ current, on repolarization in human and guinea pig ventricular myocytes. Cardiovasc Res 38:441–450
Chatelain P, Meysmans L, Mattéazzi JR, Beaufort P, Clinet M (1995) Interaction of the antiarrhythmic agents SR 33589 and amiodarone with the beta-adrenoceptor and adenylate cyclase in rat heart. Br J Pharmacol 116:1949–1956
Gautier P, Guillemare E, Marion A, Bertrand JP, Tourneur Y, Nisato D (2003) Electrophysiologic characterization of dronedarone in guinea pig ventricular cells. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 41:191–202
Guillemare E, Marion A, Nisato D, Gautier P (2000) Inhibitory effects of dronedarone on muscarinic K+ current in guinea pig atrial cells. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 36:802–805
Hagiwara-Nagasawa M, Kambayashi R, Goto A, Nunoi Y, Izumi-Nakaseko H, Chiba K, Wada T, Takei Y, Matsumoto A, Sugiyama A (2020) Analysis of electropharmacological and proarrhythmic effects of donepezil using the halothane-anesthetized intact dogs and the conscious chronic atrioventricular block ones. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-020-01997-w
Harvey RD, Grant AO (2018) Agents used in cardiac arrhythmias. In: Katzung BG (ed) Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 14th edn. McGraw Hill Education, New York, pp 228–253
Hohnloser SH, Crijns HJ, van Eickels M, Gaudin C, Page RL, Torp-Pedersen C, Connolly SJ, ATHENA Investigators (2009) Effect of dronedarone on cardiovascular events in atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 360:668–678
Iwasaki H, Takahara A, Nakamura Y, Satoh Y, Nagai T, Shinkai N, Sugiyama A (2009) Simultaneous assessment of pharmacokinetics of pilsicainide transdermal patch and its electropahrmacological effects on atria of chronic atrioventricular block dogs. J Pharmacol Sci 110:410–414
Jurkiewicz NK, Sanguinetti MC (1993) Rate-dependent prolongation of cardiac action potentials by a methanesulfonanilide class III antiarrhythmic agent. Specific block of rapidly activating delayed rectifier K+ current by dofetilide. Circ Res 72:75–83
Kambayashi R, Hagiwara-Nagasawa M, Ichikawa T, Goto A, Chiba K, Nunoi Y, Izumi-Nakaseko H, Matsumoto A, Takahara A, Sugiyama A (2020a) Analysis of electropharmacological effects of AVE0118 on the atria of chronic atrioventricular block dogs: characterization of anti-atrial fibrillatory action by atrial repolarization-delaying agent. Heart Vessels 35:1316–1322
Kambayashi R, Hagiwara-Nagasawa M, Kondo Y, Yeo ZJ, Goto A, Chiba K, Nunoi Y, Izumi-Nakaseko H, Leow JWH, Venkatesan G, Matsumoto A, Chan ECY, Sugiyama A (2020b) How the deuteration of dronedarone can modify its cardiovascular profile: in vivo characterization of electropharmacological effects of poyendarone, a deuterated analogue of dronedarone. Cardiovasc Toxicol 20:339–350
Kilkenny C, Browne W, Cuthill IC, Emerson M, Altman DG (2010) Animal research: reporting in vivo experiments: the ARRIVE guidelines. Br J Pharmacol 160:1577–1579
Køber L, Torp-Pedersen C, McMurray JJ, Gøtzsche O, Lévy S, Crijns H, Amlie J, Carlsen J (2008) Increased mortality after dronedarone therapy for severe heart failure. N Engl J Med 358:2678–2687
McGrath J, Drummond G, McLachlan E, Kilkenny C, Wainwright C (2010) Guidelines for reporting experiments involving animals: the ARRIVE guidelines. Br J Pharmacol 160:1573–1576
Motokawa Y, Nakamura Y, Hagiwara-Nagasawa M, Goto A, Chiba K, Lubna NJ, Izumi-Nakaseko H, Ando K, Naito AT, Yamazaki H, Sugiyama A (2018) In vivo analysis of the anti-atrial fibrillatory, proarrhythmic and cardiodepressive profile of dronedarone as a guide for safety pharmacological evaluation of antiarrhythmic drugs. Cardiovasc Toxicol 18:242–251
Patel C, Yan GX, Kowey PR (2009) Dronedarone. Circulation 120:636–644
Shen MJ, Zipes DP (2014) Role of the autonomic nervous system in modulating cardiac arrhythmias. Circ Res 114:1004–1021
Sugiyama A (2008) Sensitive and reliable proarrhythmia in vivo animal models for predicting drug-induced torsades de pointes in patients with remodelled hearts. Br J Pharmacol 154:1528–1537
Sugiyama A, Satoh Y, Hashimoto K (2001) Acute electropharmacological effects of intravenously administered amiodarone assessed in the in vivo canine model. Jpn J Pharmacol 87:74–82
Sugiyama A, Ishida Y, Satoh Y, Aoki S, Hori M, Akie Y, Kobayashi Y, Hashimoto K (2002) Electrophysiological, anatomical and histological remodeling of the heart to AV block enhances susceptibility to arrhythmogenic effects of QT-prolonging drugs. Jpn J Pharmacol 88:341–350
Wang K, Takahara A, Nakamura Y, Aonuma K, Matsumoto M, Sugiyama A (2007) In vivo electropharmacological effects of amiodarone and candesartan on atria of chronic atrioventricular block dogs. J Pharmacol Sci 103:207–213
Acknowledgments
The authors thank Mrs. Yuri Ichikawa for her technical assistances during preparation of the manuscript.
Funding
This study was supported in part by research grants from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS KAKENHI) grant numbers 20K16136 (to R. K.) and 19K16505 (to M. H-N.), National University Heart Centre Singapore (NUHCS) Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI) - Core Fund [Grant NUHSRO/2019/082/Core] and SCEPTRE CG Seed Grant [Grant NMRC/CG/M008/2017] (to E.C.Y.C.).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
R. K., E. CYC., and A. S. conceived the experiments; R. K., A. G., Y. N., and M. H-N conducted the experiments; G. V. and E. CYC synthesized the test compound; and R. K., H. I-N., Y. T., A. M., and A. S. analyzed the results. All authors reviewed the manuscript. All data were generated in-house and that no paper mill was used.
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Ethical approval
All experiments were approved by the Toho University Animal Care and User Committee (No. 19-52-396) and performed according to the Guideline for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of Toho University and ARRIVE guidelines (McGrath et al. 2010; Kilkenny et al. 2010).
Consent to participate
Not applicable.
Consent to publish
Not applicable.
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kambayashi, R., Goto, A., Nunoi, Y. et al. An exploratory analysis of effects of poyendarone, a deuterated analogue of dronedarone, on the canine model of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 394, 1103–1112 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-020-02047-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-020-02047-1