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DOI: 10.1055/a-2014-7799
Typ-1-Diabetes und Sport: Was ist zu berücksichtigen?
Type 1 Diabetes and Sports: What to Consider?
Sport verbessert die körperliche Fitness, beugt Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen vor und steigert das psychische Wohlbefinden. Eine der größten Herausforderungen im Alltag von Menschen mit Typ-1-Diabetes ist es, den Glukosespiegel vor, während und nach dem Sport im physiologischen Bereich zu halten. In diesem Beitrag beschreiben wir, durch welche gezielten Maßnahmen Menschen mit Typ-1-Diabetes ihr Glukosemanagement bei Sport verbessern können.
Abstract
For many people with type 1 diabetes, sport is a central part of their lives. Sport improves physical fitness, prevents cardiovascular diseases and increases the psychological well-being of persons with type 1 diabetes. In addition, exercise increases insulin sensitivity. However, one of the biggest challenges in the daily life of individuals with type 1 diabetes is to maintain glucose levels in the physiological range before, during and after exercise. In addition, the fear of hypoglycemia discourages many people with type 1 diabetes from exercising. In this article, we show what targeted measures persons with type 1 diabetes can use to improve their glucose management during exercise. A better understanding of management options can encourage people with type 1 diabetes to increase their physical activity.
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Menschen mit Typ-1-Diabetes sollten Sport treiben, da die positiven Effekte die Risiken überwiegen.
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Menschen mit Typ-1-Diabetes haben ein erhöhtes Risiko für akute und nächtliche Hypoglykämien durch Sport. Das Risiko lässt sich durch gute Vorbereitung, Überwachung und die Nutzung von kontinuierliches Glukosemonitoring (CGM) minimieren.
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Kontinuierliches Glukosemonitoring (CGM) reduziert die Zeit in Hypoglykämie und den HbA1c-Wert.
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Durch die kontinuierliche Überwachungsmöglichkeit und das Einstellen von Alarmgrenzen werden die Blutglukoseüberwachung während des Sports vereinfacht und das Sicherheitsgefühl erhöht.
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Der Blutglukosewert jeder Person reagiert unterschiedlich auf Sport.
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Orientierend gilt: Leichtes bis moderates Ausdauertraining senkt, Intervalltraining stabilisiert oder senkt und intensives anaerobes Training erhöht den Blutglukosespiegel.
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Ein Sporttagebuch ist ein gutes Hilfsmittel, um das individuelle Hypoglykämierisiko besser einzuschätzen und die Therapie bestmöglich dem Sport anzupassen.
Publication History
Article published online:
12 October 2023
© 2023. Thieme. All rights reserved.
Georg Thieme Verlag KG
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