Abstract
To assess the frequency of celiac-associated humoral autoimmunity in patients with long-standing childhood- and adult-onset type 1 diabetes (LDM1) and whether it occurs more frequently as the disease progresses. IgA-/IgG-anti-tissue transglutaminase (IgA-tTG and IgG-tTG) and IgA-/IgG-deamidated gliadin (DGP) antibodies were analyzed in 277 LDM1 sera (120 females; disease duration 19.3 ± 12.3 years, range 5.0–54.0 years). Of the 277 patients, 147 were childhood-onset LDM1 (CHLDM1) and 130 adult-onset LDM1 (ADLDM1); 6.1 % LDM1 sera were tTG- and/or DGP-antibody-positive, with a lower frequency among CHLDM1 as compared with ADLDM1 patients (3.4 vs 9.2 %, p = 0.048). Celiac-associated immunoreactivity was significantly more frequent in LDM1 with >15 years of disease duration (9.4 vs 2.9 % in those with ≤15 years, p = 0.042) and among them in ADLDM1 (14.7 vs 4.2 % CHLDM1, p = 0.043). Celiac disease humoral immunoreactivity should be screened not only at diabetes onset, but also in long-standing patients, especially adults with disease duration >15 years.
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This work was supported by the Italian Ministry of Scientific Research.
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No potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported.
Human and Animal Rights
The study was approved by the local ethics committee and has been performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki.
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All patients gave their informed consent prior to their inclusion in the study.
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Communicated by Antonio Secchi.
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Tiberti, C., Panimolle, F., Bonamico, M. et al. Long-standing type 1 diabetes: patients with adult-onset develop celiac-specific immunoreactivity more frequently than patients with childhood-onset diabetes, in a disease duration-dependent manner. Acta Diabetol 51, 675–678 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-013-0536-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-013-0536-0