Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Review Article
  • Published:

Chromatin as an essential part of the transcriptional mechanim

Abstract

The increasingly detailed biochemical definition of the protein complexes that regulate gene transcription has led to the re-emergence of questions about the role of histones. Much recent evidence suggests that transcriptional activation requires that transcription factors successfully compete with histones for binding to promoters, and that there may be more than one mechanism by which this is achieved.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Gross, D. S. & Garrard, W. T. A. Rev. Biochem. 57, 159–197 (1988).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Grunstein, M. A. Rev. Cell Biol. 6, 643–678 (1990).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Ericcson, C. Grossbach, U., Björkroth, B. & Daneholt, B. Cell 60, 73–83 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Kimura, T., Mills, F., Allen, J. & Gould, H. Nature 306, 709–712 (1983).

    ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Fisher, E. A. & Felsenfeld, G. Biochemistry 25, 8010–8016 (1986).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Postnikov, Y. V. et al. Nucleic Acids Res. 19, 717–725 (1991).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Kamakaka, R. T. & Thomas, J. O. EMBO J. 9, 3997–4006 (1990).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Losa, R. & Brown, D. D. Cell 50, 801–808 (1987).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Lorch, Y., LaPointe, J. W. & Kornberg, R. D. Cell 49, 203–210 (1987).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Izban, M. G. & Luse, D. S. Genes Dev. 5, 683–696 (1991).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Thoma, F. Trends Genet. 7, 175–177 (1991).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Clark, D. J. & Felsenfeld, G. EMBO J. 10, 387–395 (1991).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Lee, M.-S. & Garrard, W. T. EMBO J. 10, 607–615 (1991).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  14. Nacheva, G. et al. Cell 58, 27–36 (1989).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Knezetic, J. A. & Luse, D. S. Cell 45, 95–104 (1986).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Emerson, B. M. & Felsenfeld, G. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81, 95–99 (1984).

    ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Bogenhagen, D. F., Wormington, W. M. & Brown, D. D. Cell 28, 413–421 (1982).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Gottesfeld, J. & Bloomer, L. S. Cell 28, 781–791 (1982).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Wolffe, A. P. & Brown, D. D. Science 241, 1626–1632 (1988).

    ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Matsui, T. Molec. cell. Biol. 7, 1401–1408 (1987).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  21. Workman, J. L. & Roeder, R. G. Cell 51, 613–622 (1987).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Meisterernst, M., Horikoshi, M. & Roeder, R. G. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87, 9153–9157 (1990).

    ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Knezetic, J. A., Jacob, G. A. & Luse, D. S. Molec. cell. Biol. 8, 3114–3121 (1988).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  24. Workman, J. L., Roeder, R. G. & Kingston, R. E. EMBO J. 9, 1299–1308 (1990).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  25. Workman, J. L., Abmayr, S. M., Cromlish, W. A. & Roeder, R. G. Cell 55, 211–219 (1988).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Becker, P. B., Rabindran, S. K. & Wu, C. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88, 4109–4113 (1991).

    ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Workman, J. L., Taylor, I. C. A. & Kingston, R. E. Cell 64, 533–544 (1991).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Sharp, P. A. Nature 351, 16–18 (1991).

    ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Almouzni, G., Mechali, M. & Wolffe, A. P. EMBO J. 9, 573–582 (1990).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  30. Enver, T., Brewer, A. C. & Patient, R. K. Molec. cell. Biol. 8, 1301–1308 (1988).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  31. Elgin, S. C. R. J. biol. Chem. 263, 19259–19262 (1988).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Almer, A. & Hörz, W. EMBO J. 5, 2681–2687 (1986).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  33. Almer, A., Rudolph, H., Hinnen, A. & Hörz, W. EMBO J. 5, 2689–2696 (1986).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  34. Fascher, K.-D., Schmitz, J. & Hörz, W. EMBO J. 9, 2523–2528 (1990).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  35. Yoshida, K., Ogawa, N. & Oshima, Y. Molec. gen. Genet. 217, 40–46, (1989).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Straka, C. & Hörz, W. EMBO J. 10, 361–368 (1991).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  37. Roth, S. Y., Dean, A. & Simpson, R. T. Molec. cell. Biol. 10, 2247–2260 (1990).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  38. Kayne, P. S. et al. Cell 55, 27–39 (1988).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Johnson, L. M., Kayne, P. S., Kahn, E. S. & Grunstein, M. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87, 6286–6290 (1990).

    ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Megee, P. C., Morgan, B. A., Mittman, B. A. & Smith, M. M. Science 247, 841–845 (1990).

    ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Park, E. C. & Szostak, J. W. Molec. cell. Biol. 10, 4932–4934 (1990).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  42. Allan, J., Harborne, N., Rau, D. C. & Gould, H. J. Cell Biol. 93, 285–297 (1982).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Lowary, P. T. & Widom, J. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86, 8266–8270 (1989).

    ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. McGhee, J. D., Rau, D. C. Charney, E. & Felsenfeld, G. Cell 22, 87–96 (1980).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. McGhee, J. D. & Felsenfeld, G. A. Rev. Biochem. 49, 1115–1156 (1980).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Durrin, L. K., Mann, R. K., Kayne, P. S. & Grunstein, M. Cell 65, 1023–1031 (1991).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Han, M. & Grunstein, M. Cell 55, 1137–1145 (1988).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Miller, A. M. & Nasmyth, K. A. Nature 312, 247–251 (1984).

    ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Cordingley, M. G., Riegel, A. T. & Hager, G. L. Cell 48, 261–270 (1987).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Perlman, T. & Wrange, Ö. EMBO J. 7, 3073–3079 (1988).

    Google Scholar 

  51. Piña, B., Brüggemeier, U. & Beato, M. Cell 60, 719–731 (1989).

    Google Scholar 

  52. Taylor, I. C. A., Workman, J. L., Schuetz, T. J. & Kingston, R. E. Genes Dev. 5, 1285–1298 (1991).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Croston, G. E., Kerrigan, L. A., Lira, L. M., Marshak, D. R. & Kadonaga, J. T. Science 251, 643–649 (1991).

    ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Laybourn, P. J. & Kadonaga, J. T. Science 254, 238–245 (1991).

    ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Schlissel, M. S. & Brown, D. D. Cell 37, 903–913 (1984).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Wolffe, A. P. New Biologist 2, 211–218 (1990).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Simpson, R. T. Nature 343, 387–389 (1990).

    ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Chasman, D. I. et al. Genes Dev. 4, 503–514 (1990).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Blau, H. M. & Baltimore, D. J. Cell Biol. 112, 781–783 (1991).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Blau, H. M., Chiu, C.-P. & Webster, C. Cell 32, 1171–1180 (1983).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Baron, M. H. & Maniatis, T. Cell 46, 591–602 (1986).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Ptashne, M. Nature 335, 683–689 (1988).

    ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Ptashne, M. & Gann, A. Nature 346, 329–331 (1990).

    ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Theveny, B. et al. Nature 329, 79–81 (1987).

    ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Su, W., Jackson, S., Tjian, R. & Echols, H. Genes Dev. 5, 820–826 (1991).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Li, R., Knight, J. D., Jackson, S. P., Tjian, R. & Botchan, M. R. Cell 65, 493–505 (1991).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Grosveld, F., van Assendelft, G. B., Greaves, D. R. & Kollias, G. Cell 51, 975–985 (1987).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Forrester, W. C., Takegama, S., Papayannopoulou, T. Stamatoyannopoulos, G. & Groudine, M. Nucleic Acids Res. 15, 10159–10177 (1987).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  69. Evans, T., Felsenfeld, G. & Reitman, M. A. Rev. Cell Bio. 6, 95–124 (1990).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Townes, T. & Behringer, R. R. Trends Genet. 6, 219–223 (1990).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Tuan, D., Solomon, W., Li, Q. & London, I. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 82, 6384–6388 (1985).

    ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Tuan, D. Y. H., Solomon, W. B., London, I. M. & Lee, D. P. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86, 2554–2558 (1989).

    ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Talbot, D., Philipsen, S., Fraser, P. & Grosveld, F. EMBO J. 9, 2169–2178 (1990).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  74. Philipsen, S., Talbot, D., Fraser, P. & Grosveld, F. EMBO J. 9, 2159–2167 (1990).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  75. Talbot, D. & Grosveld, F. EMBO J. 10, 1391–1398 (1991).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  76. Reitman, M., Lee, E., Westphal, H. & Felsenfeld, G. Nature 348, 749–752 (1990).

    ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Fraser, P., Hurst, J., Collis, P. & Grosveld, F. Nucleic Acids Res. 18, 3503–3508 (1990).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  78. Caterina, J. et al. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88, 1626–1630 (1991).

    ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Wolffe, A. P. in Molecular Endocrinology and Steroid Hormone Action 171–186 (Liss, New York, 1990).

    Google Scholar 

  80. Kellum, R. & Schedl, P. Cell 64, 941–950 (1991).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Stief, A., Winter, D. M., Stratling, W. H. & Sippel, A. E. Nature 341, 343–345 (1989).

    ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Gasser, S. M. & Laemmli, U. K. Trends Genet. 3, 16–21 (1987).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Izaurralde, E., Käs, E. & Laemmli, U. K. J. molec. Biol. 210, 573–585 (1989).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Wilson, C., Bellen, H. J. & Gehring, W. J. A. Rev. Cell Biol. 6, 679–714 (1990).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. van Holde, K. E. Chromatin (Springer, New York, 1989).

    Google Scholar 

  86. Lin, Y.-S., Carey, M., Ptashne, M. & Green, M. R. Nature 345, 359–361 (1990).

    ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Carey, M., Lin, Y. S., Green, M. R. & Ptashne, M. Nature 345, 361–364 (1990).

    ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Felsenfeld, G. Chromatin as an essential part of the transcriptional mechanim. Nature 355, 219–224 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1038/355219a0

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/355219a0

This article is cited by

Comments

By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate.

Search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing