Clostridium chauvoei, an Evolutionary Dead-End Pathogen.

Rychener, Lorenz; In-Albon, Saria Maria; Djordjevic, Steven P; Chowdhury, Piklu R; Ziech, Rosangela E; de Vargas, Agueda C; Frey, Joachim; Falquet, Laurent (2017). Clostridium chauvoei, an Evolutionary Dead-End Pathogen. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8, p. 1054. Frontiers 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01054

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Full genome sequences of 20 strains of, the etiological agent of blackleg of cattle and sheep, isolated from four different continents over a period of 64 years (1951-2015) were determined and analyzed. The study reveals that the genome of the speciesis highly homogeneous compared to the closely related species, a widespread pathogen that affects human and many animal species. Analysis of the CRISPR locus is sufficient to differentiate moststrains and is the most heterogenous region in the genome, containing in total 187 different spacer elements that are distributed as 30 - 77 copies in the various strains. Some genetic differences are found in the 3 allelic variants of,andgenes that encode structural flagellin proteins, and certain strains do only contain one or two alleles. However, the major virulence genes including the highly toxic, the sialidase and the two hyaluronidases are fully conserved as are the metabolic and structural genes of. These data indicate thatis a strict ruminant-associated pathogen that has reached a dead end in its evolution.

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