目的 探索N、P、K肥用量及配比对野菊药用部位生长及活性成分积累的影响。方法 利用N肥（尿素，H₂NCONH₂）、P肥（过磷酸钙，CaP₂H₄O₈）、K（氯化钾，KCl）不同水平及其配比设计正交试验，在采收期观察测量野菊花部位性状，同时使用HPLC测量干燥后野菊花活性成分含量。结果 14个组合间野菊头状花序数、头状花序直径、管状花直径、单株产量、总黄酮含量及蒙花苷含量存在显著性差异，且不同矿质元素的肥效不同。适当的增大N肥浓度、K肥浓度与降低P肥浓度有利于野菊花的生长发育、提高干花产量；低浓度的N、P、K配施对野菊花总黄酮与蒙花苷含量的提高有促进作用；各处理下的野菊花蒙花苷含量均符合《中国药典》标准。结论 综合比较发现营养液浓度在N-P-K 15：0.1：3时为野菊花序生长最优N、P、K配比，总黄酮含量与蒙花苷含量在未施肥处理下最高。

Objective To explore the effect of N, P, and K fertilizers on the growth of Chrysanthemum indicum and accumulation of active components. Methods This research used different levels and ratios of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium through orthogonal experiment; The flower of C. indicum traits were observed in the harvest period; The content of the dried flower active ingredient was measured using HPLC. Results The result showed the noticeable differences among the 14 groups in the number of capitulum, the diameter of capitulum and tubiform floret, yield per plant, total flavonoid content and linarin content as well as fertilizer efficiency of different mineral elements. Appropriate increase of N, K concentration and low P concentration was beneficial to the growth and development of C. indicum and the output of dried flowers. Low concentration of N, P, K promoted the cotent of linarin and total flavonoids; The content of linarin treated with different combination all accorded with the standard of Chinese Phamaeopoeia. Conclusion Compared comprehensively, it was concluded that the optimal proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the growth of chrysanthemum inflorescence15:0.1:3. Flavonoid and linarin content reached the highest point without fertilization.

国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（81503180）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（KJQN201643，KYZ201608）