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Shellfish Collection and Community Connections in Eighteenth-Century Native New England

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Ryan Hunter
Affiliation:
Midwest Archeological Center, National Park Service, Lincoln, Nebraska 68508 (rhunter429@gmail.com)
Stephen W. Silliman
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125 (stephen.silliman@umb.edu)
David B. Landon
Affiliation:
Andrew Fiske Memorial Center for Archaeological Research, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125 (david.landon@umb.edu)

Abstract

In recent years, the archaeology of Native American sites in colonial contexts has increased our understanding of how indigenous communities persisted in challenging times. Greater attention to practices helps to create a more enriched picture, especially when set in the context of food and consumption. This article considers shellfish remains excavated from three households on the Eastern Pequot reservation, located several kilometers Inland from the Connecticut coast in southern New England, to explore the role that shellfish gathering played in eighteenth-century subsistence and social practices in Native New England. Household variability in the specific species and quantity consumed, as well as disposal methods, provide insight into internal community decision making. Moreover, eighteenth-century reservation demographics strongly accentuate the role of women in the provision of these foodstuffs and in maintaining cultural connections to the coast and other off-reservation communities. Practices of gathering and consuming shellfish thus provide vectors of change and continuity in Native American communities of colonial New England, showing how these practices represent not only connections to a deeper past, but also ongoing and even resurging practices to engage with a colonial present.

Resumen

Resumen

En años recientes, la arqueología de sitios nativo americanos en contextos coloniales han aumentado nuestro entendimiento sobre como han persistido las comunidades indígenas durante épocas de dureza. Mayor atención a la práctica, ayuda a crear una imagen más enriquecedora, especialmente dados los contextos alimentarios y consumo. Este artículo considera los remanentes de caracol excavados en tres unidades de vivienda en la reservación de Eastern Pequot, localizado a varias millas de la costa de Connecticut al sur de la Nueva Inglaterra, para explorar el papel que la recolección de caracol jugó en la subsistencia y prácticas sociales de la Nueva Inglaterra del siglo XVIII. Variabilidad doméstica y cantidad en las especies consumidas, al igual que los métodos de disponer de ellos, proveen entendimiento sobre la toma de decisiones internas de la comunidad. Además, la demográfica de las reservaciones del siglo XVIII acentúan grandemente el papel de las mujeres en proveer dichos alimentos y en mantener conexiones culturales con la costa y comunidades fuera de la reservación. La práctica de la recolección y consumo de caracol provee entonces vectores de cambio y continuidad de comunidades nativo americanas de la Nueva Inglaterra colonial, demostrando como éstas prácticas representan no solamente conexiones a un pasado profundo, pero también la continuidad e inclusive el resurgir de prácticas para enfrentar el presente colonial.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for American Archaeology 2014

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