近年來全球衛星定位系統(Global Positioning System,簡稱GPS)蓬勃發展,該系統觀測簡單且迅速,又不受時間、地點和天候所影響,提供使用者全天候、即時獲得位置與時間資訊;基於上述優點,GPS運用於地質研究上已變得如此方便,慢慢成為探討地殼變形與地體動力學的一項工具。在不同地點同時接收由GPS衛星所發射出來的載波相位和電碼訊號,可以精確的定出各測站的相對位置。 由於台灣每年5 ~ 8月正處於梅雨與颱風季節,在此期間會帶來充沛的降雨量。當地表富含水分時,其重量因而增加,使得孔隙水壓上升,促使加速下坡運動的進行。而天池地區剛好就位處於坡地上,是否因為這項因素而造成地殼有向下潛移的現象,值得我們深加探討。再加上此地區所建置的連續站也有較長的歷史,所獲得的資料相當充足。因此,本研究利用連續站所接收的觀測資料(2010年12月 ~ 2012年2月),以美國JPL研製的GIPSY軟體精密解算,來幫助我們更了解此地區地殼是否發生潛變現象。 由計算結果觀察出潛移作用造成的偏移方向大致呈東南方向移動,與本區域地形上之坡向一致,可能與邊坡上之塊體運動或長期地體架構上之大地變形有關。而且,影響潛移發生之因素眾多,本研究利用歷年降雨量來探討,發現其降雨量多寡確實會影響潛移距離,造成較大移動距離之時間點大多發生於7 ~ 9月。最後,由2004 ~ 2010年地殼變動情況發現天池地區其大地變形為向西緩慢運動,但在山崩潛移為較大變動事件,且運動方向向東,與坡向一致。
In recent years, Global Positioning System vigorous development, observation of the system is simple and rapid, and the time, place and weather is unaffected, to provide users obtain all-weather, real-time location and time information; Based on the above advantages, GPS make use of geological research has become so convenient, and slowly become a tool to confer the become deformed of the crust and terrain dynamics. Emitted by the GPS satellite carrier phase and electrical code signal received at different locations at the same time can be accurate set the relative position of each station. Taiwan lie in the rainy season and typhoon season from May to August yearly, will bring abundant rainfall during this period. The surface of the earth is rich in water, its weight therefore increase, making the pore water pressure rises, cause the downgrade movement accelerated. TienChih area just be located at the slopes, whether because the factors that caused creep downward of the crust, to deserve our confer profoundly. Tag on to the continuous stations built in this area had a long history, the information obtained is quite sufficient. Therefore, this research employ observations data of the continuous stations received (December 2010 to February 2012), the GIPSY software developed at JPL, USA precision solver to help us better understand the crust of this region whether to occur of the phenomenon of creep. Observed by the calculation of creeping affect caused by the directional departure roughly south-easterly direction moving, and the slope in the terrain of the region identically, may be associated with the movement of the slope on the block or long-term architecture of the earth deformation related. Moreover, many factors affect the potential shift occurring, this study uses the calendar year rainfall to explore, and found that the precipitation amount does affect the creep distance, resulting in greater movement distance of the point in time usually occurs in July and September. Finally, the crust changes from 2004 to 2010 TienChih area of its earth deformation for the slow westward movement, but the shift in the landslide of great change in events, and the movement direction is east, and aspect.