The casualties and economic loss related to private buildings due to the earthquake in Meinong District in Kaohsiung in 2016 reflected the importance of seismic retrofitting in such buildings. Under the restrictions of current rules, regulations, and systems, the government has promoted projects for the seismic assessment and retrofitting of structures in the hope of utilizing available resources to encourage people to conduct related evaluation and retrofitting. In 2017, an act to expedite the reconstruction of old and dangerous urban buildings passed all required legislative stages and came into effect, serving as a basis for rules, regulations, and systems related to the demolition and reconstruction of private buildings with structural hazards. However, no law for retrofitting private buildings with structural hazards has been drafted and related design practices and supportive mechanisms are scarce. Therefore, in order to explore the necessity and urgency of the relevant regulations and promotion strategies for seismic assessment and retrofitting of building, and to assist the establishment of the relevant regulations and the promotion mechanism of seismic retrofitting of private building, pushover analysis on buildings damaged by the 2016 Meinong earthquake was simulated using structural analysis software. Earthquake damage in metropolitan areas was assessed, and the input-output approach to cost-benefit analysis of seismic retrofitting was employed. In addition, analytical software was adopted to simulate cases of seismic retrofitting in buildings, with the Taiwan Earthquake Loss Estimation System developed by the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering employed to conduct cost analysis on building retrofitting. The cost analysis results of two buildings in this study were compared to the actual costs incurred by building damage due to the earthquake to complete the cost-benefit analysis of the retrofitting projects. This investigation measures the benefits of the simulation for seismic assessment and retrofitting to promote the inspection and repair related tasks of private buildings in Taiwan.