中小企業ERP系統開發與擴充技術之研究

中小企業的競爭優勢是其經營管理具有很高彈性與效率，所以自動化與資訊化就成為很重要的關鍵因素，因此能否善用資訊科技便成為中小企業經營的重要議題之一。目前對於中小企業使用ERP系統之研究多著重於如何導入ERP套裝系統，而探討自行建置或是擴充ERP資訊系統的研究較少。本研究即是在研究中小企業在套裝軟體與客製化軟體之間的抉擇，並以實際案例探討如何客製化開發ERP系統軟體和擴充ERP系統的軟體技術與方法之研究。本研究提出並分析比較四種中小企業使用ERP系統的方法，並以兩家公司為真實案例，去探討客製化建置方法與導入套裝軟體系統再客製化擴充方法。研究結果發現，微型企業若能整合資源共同開發客製化ERP系統，可提升經營效率且大符降低購買客製化ERP系統的價錢；而較大型的中小企業則可採用導入套裝軟體系統後再客製化擴充功能的方法，以取得ERP系統使用的效益與好用度，並可大符降低成本。後續的研究可針對這兩個成功個案，去進一步探討如何推廣與引介入其他類似的中小企業，以提升中小企業的資訊能力與經營績效。

關鍵字

中小企業；企業資源規劃；系統開發；系統擴充

並列摘要

The competitive advantages of Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are the flexibility and efficiency of business operation and management. Thus, manufacturing automation and management informatization are becoming the key issues of running SMEs. Most of the studies on Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems for SMEs aim on the implementation of the ERPs. However, the study to investigate customized development or extension of ERPs for SMEs is rare. In this thesis, the advantages/disadvantages of adopting package ERPs or customized ERPs for SMEs are investigated. Moreover, based on two actual cases, the technology and methodology for developing a customized ERP and extending a package ERP are studied. Four ways of implementing ERPs and then extending the ERPs are proposed and evaluated based on the actual cases. The study results show that several homogeneous micro-businesses can cooperate to develop their customized ERPs to reduce the cost of developing customized ERPs as well as improve the efficiency of managing their micro-businesses. On the other hand, for larger SMEs the package ERPs could be implemented firstly and then be extended in a customized approach, so that the SMEs can gain the benefits of package ERPs and the availability of customized ERPs with lower cost. Ongoing research may explore how to apply these technology and methodology, which were approved through the actual cases, on other SMEs to improve their information technology and management efficiency.