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  • 學位論文

吉園圃蔬果標章之空間分布及其成因分析

Spatial Distribution of Farms Participating GAP and Its Factors

指導教授 : 王宏文

摘要


吉園圃標章的目的是要確保我國蔬果的農藥用藥安全,但其普及率並不高,且獲得吉園圃標章的產銷班集中在中南部與一些零星地區,使國人的飲食安全存在一些風險。因此本文研究問題是吉園圃標章的地理分布為何?是否有群聚現象?其空間分布情況的可能原因為何?了解如何提高農產品標章的普及率,來更加保障我國之蔬果食品安全。 本研究以台灣本島之蔬果產銷班為對象,藉由空間分析方法,以驗證吉園圃標章是否有群聚之現象。然後針對這些群聚地區,及鄰近該區但較少吉園圃驗證的地區,對相關人員進行深度訪談,以了解產銷班及農民申辦標章與否以及造成空間分布特殊性的原因。 依據過去研究、空間分析,以及訪談結果,我們推論獲得吉園圃標章的產銷班應會有群聚現象,主要的原因有五:一、資訊外溢,若有農友申辦標章成功,其經驗、資訊將成為鄰近農友的參考;二、生產外部性,因為農藥飄散會汙染鄰近農地,因此想要申辦標章的農友必須考量鄰近農友的態度與實際耕種方法;三、農作物特性,台灣自然環境、市場環境可能會導致有些蔬果種植方式不利於申辦標章;四是社會一致性,農友個人行為受到其所屬社群影響,例如同一產銷班班員、或同年齡層朋友;最後是正式組織,地區的標章推廣者,尤其農會扮演政策推行的重要角色,若大力推廣標章,其它農會則比較消極,導致地區差異。最後則依據研究結果來對吉園圃未來的推廣政策作出建議。

關鍵字

食品安全 吉園圃 空間分析 群聚

並列摘要


The purpose of GAP is to ensure the safety of agro-pesticides using, but its participation rate is low. Moreover, the Agricultural Production and Marketing Groups getting GAP locate in the central, south and some sporadic areas of Taiwan. That phenomenon exposes the eating safety of people to risks. The research questions are: What is the geographic distribution of GAP? If there is any clustering phenomenon of GAP? What are the probable reasons of the spatial distribution of GAP? The outcomes are in order to make clear how to improve the participation rate of GAP and to ensure the food safety of fruits and vegetables in Taiwan. This study is based on the Agricultural Production and Marketing Groups of fruits and vegetables in Taiwan Island. By using the method of spatial analysis, this study is to verify if there is any clustering phenomenon among GAPs. For these clustering areas and the areas close to those clustering ones but rarely getting the GAPs, this study conducted the in-depth interviews with related persons for the sake of understanding if the Agricultural Production and Marketing Groups and farmers applied the GAPs and the reasons of causing these special spatial distributions. Based on the past researches, spatial analysis and the outcomes of in-depth interviews, we deduce that there should be a clustering phenomenon among the Agricultural Production and Marketing Groups getting GAP. There are five main reasons: 1. Spillover effect. If some certain farmers successfully apply the GAP, their experiences and information would be the references of other farmers in neighboring farmlands; 2. Social norms. The behaviors of farmers would be affected by the community they are belong to. For instance, membership of the same Agricultural Production and Marketing Group or friendship of the same age; 3. Externality. Since the pesticide drift would pollute neighboring farmlands, farmers who want to apply the GAP have to take the attitudes and actual farming methods of the other farmers in neighboring farmlands into considerations; 4. Crop characteristics. The natural environment of Taiwan and the market conditions would make some farming methods hard to be compatible with GAP; 5. Formal organizations. If the regional promoters of GAP, especially the farmers’ association, a vital role of promoting policies, promote the GAP policies positively or passively, the participation would be various. Last, this study would give some policy recommendations in agriculture.

並列關鍵字

food safety GAP spatial distribution clustering

參考文獻


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