Carbon nanodots emerge as popular materials in various research fields, including biological and photovoltaic areas, while there lacks significant reports related to their applications in laser devices, which play a significant role in our daily life. In this work, we demonstrate the first controllable random laser assisted by the surface plasmon effect of carbon nanodots. Briefly, carbon nanodots derived from candle soot are randomly deposited on the surface of gallium nitride (GaN) nanorods to enhance the ultraviolet fluorescence of GaN and generate plasmonically enhanced random laser action with coherent feedback. Furthermore, potentially useful functionalities of tunable lasing threshold and controllable optical modes are achieved by adjusting the numbers of carbon nanodots, enabling for optical communication and identification technologies. In addition to providing an efficient alternative for plasmonically enahnced random laser devices with simple fabrication and low cost, our work also paves a useful route for the application of environmentally friendly carbon nanodots in optoelectronic devices.