Objectives: In 2020, the WHO-UNICEF-Lancet Commission developed the Child Flourishing Index (CFI) to evaluate the health and well-being of children in different countries. In the current study, we used this index to evaluate the health and well-being of children in Taiwan, who are not currently considered in the CFI. Methods: In accordance with the original CFI methodology, we calculated the CFI in Taiwan by using data obtained from the Sustainable Development Goals, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, and official statistics of Taiwan. Results: CFI scores range from 0 to 1, Taiwan's CFI score in 2017 was 0.9, indicating Taiwan had the 24th highest score in the world. The results in the survival domain of the CFI indicated that Taiwan should focus on improving the rate of maternal mortality and the rate of road injury mortality among individuals aged 0-19 years. The results for the thriving domain indicated that Taiwan should also focus on improving the rate of low-weight births, the prevalence of stunting among children younger than 5 years, and the proportion of young men and women aged 19-29 years who experience sexual violence before the age of 18 years. The results for sustainability indicated that Taiwan should reduce its carbon emissions, which reached 344%, and that the Gini index value for income inequity in Taiwan was 31.5. Conclusions: The CFI can be used as an index of sustainable development, child rights, gender equality, and generational justice to evaluate the child-friendliness of Taiwanese policies. We suggest that child-related indicators be improved and that cross-departmental collaborators be encouraged to include children in policies to improve child health and well-being in Taiwan.