基于小波变换图像分割技术的电成像测井资料裂缝、孔洞面孔率提取方法

刘瑞林, 谢芳, 肖承文, 张丽莉. 2017. 基于小波变换图像分割技术的电成像测井资料裂缝、孔洞面孔率提取方法. 地球物理学报, 60(12): 4945-4955, doi: 10.6038/cjg20171233
引用本文: 刘瑞林, 谢芳, 肖承文, 张丽莉. 2017. 基于小波变换图像分割技术的电成像测井资料裂缝、孔洞面孔率提取方法. 地球物理学报, 60(12): 4945-4955, doi: 10.6038/cjg20171233
LIU Rui-Lin, XIE Fang, XIAO Cheng-Wen, ZHANG Li-Li. 2017. Extracting fracture-vug plane porosity from electrical imaging logging data using dissection of wavelet-transform-based image. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese), 60(12): 4945-4955, doi: 10.6038/cjg20171233
Citation: LIU Rui-Lin, XIE Fang, XIAO Cheng-Wen, ZHANG Li-Li. 2017. Extracting fracture-vug plane porosity from electrical imaging logging data using dissection of wavelet-transform-based image. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese), 60(12): 4945-4955, doi: 10.6038/cjg20171233

基于小波变换图像分割技术的电成像测井资料裂缝、孔洞面孔率提取方法

  • 基金项目:

    国家大型油气田及煤层气开发科技重大专项(2011ZX05020-008)资助

详细信息
    作者简介:

    刘瑞林, 男, 1959年生, 博士, 教授, 博士生导师.目前主要从事地球物理资料储层评价、成像测井等方面的研究.E-mail:ruilinabc@263.net

  • 中图分类号: P631

Extracting fracture-vug plane porosity from electrical imaging logging data using dissection of wavelet-transform-based image

  • 对于裂缝、溶蚀孔洞发育的碳酸盐岩缝洞储层,如何从测井资料中提取裂缝、溶蚀孔洞信息是评价储层有效性的关键问题.为了从电成像测井静态图像上准确地分割出清晰的裂缝、溶蚀孔洞子图像进而提取其参数信息,本文提出了一种基于小波变换模极大值图像分割技术的电成像测井资料缝洞面孔率提取方法.以钮扣电极电导率曲线为对象,先消除井壁凹凸不平导致的地层背景噪声的影响,利用小波变换模极大值图像分割方法得到包含裂缝和溶蚀孔洞目标的子图像,根据子图像提取裂缝-孔洞总面孔率、裂缝面孔率、孔洞面孔率等信息.本文利用塔里木盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩地层的电成像测井数据提取了缝洞面孔率参数,还利用同井岩心CT扫描图像计算的平均缝洞面孔率、双侧向电阻率、常规测井资料三孔隙度模型计算的相对连通缝洞孔隙度进行了对比,并进行了试油验证.对比表明,电成像测井裂缝-孔洞总面孔率、裂缝面孔率、孔洞面孔率与岩心CT扫描图像平均缝洞面孔率、双侧向电阻率、相对连通缝洞孔隙度、试油结果均有较好的一致性.这一方面验证了采用本文方法提取的裂缝-孔洞总面孔率、裂缝面孔率、孔洞面孔率的合理性,另一方面表明所提取参数可用于指示缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层的渗透性和有效性.

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  • 图 1 

    一维二进小波变换

    Figure 1. 

    1-D dyadic wavelet transform

    图 2 

    电成像测井小波变换模极大值图像分割及裂缝、溶蚀孔洞参数提取流程

    Figure 2. 

    The flow chart of image segmentation and fracture-vug plane porosity calculation of electrical imaging logging data

    图 3 

    溶蚀裂缝发育井段

    Figure 3. 

    Results of image segmentation and fracture-vug parameter calculation of the fracture-developed well section

    图 4 

    溶蚀孔洞发育井段

    Figure 4. 

    Results of image segmentation and fracture-vug parameter calculation of the vug-developed well section

    图 5 

    缝洞型碳酸盐岩岩心CT扫描图片及分割效果图

    Figure 5. 

    (a) Core CT scan image of vugs; (b) Segmentation result of (a)

    图 6 

    缝洞型碳酸盐岩电成像测井孔洞参数与岩心CT扫描图片平均缝洞面孔率交会图

    Figure 6. 

    Cross plot of electrical imaging logging fracture-vug parameters and core CT scan parameters of fractured-vuggy carbonatite

    图 7 

    微裂缝模拟井水平微裂缝示意图(a)及实测STAR微电阻率扫描图像(b)(单位:mm)

    Figure 7. 

    (a) Sketch map of horizontal microfracture in a simulated well; (b) measured STAR microresistivity scanning image in a simulated well

    图 8 

    TZ8xx井电成像分割提取的面孔率与双侧向电阻率、三孔隙度模型计算的相对连通缝洞孔隙度对比图

    Figure 8. 

    Comparison diagram of Well TZ8xx of conventional well log data, processing results of conventional well log data and fracture-vug plane porosity extracted from electric imaging logging data

    表 1 

    岩心CT扫描图像计算的平均缝洞面孔率与对应归位深度点电成像测井裂缝-孔洞总面孔率、裂缝面孔率、孔洞面孔率统计表

    Table 1. 

    Average fracture-vug plane porosity calculated from core CT scan images and fracture-vug total plane porosity, fracture plane porosity, vug plane porosity extracted from electric imaging logging data

    序号岩心编号归位后对应深度/m岩心CT扫描照片提取的
    平均缝洞面孔率
    Σct/(s·s-1)
    电成像测井资料提取的裂缝-溶蚀孔洞参数
    裂缝-孔洞总面孔率
    Σtotal
    孔洞面孔率
    Σvug
    裂缝面孔率
    Σff
    1Txxx-ct-15730.815~5730.9400.0010010.0540850.0349850.019045
    2Txxx-ct-25738.565~5738.6900.0000050.0426050.0298650.01265
    3Txxy-ct-15977.585~5977.7100.0027310.079120.073560.00556
    4Sxx-ct-15590.500~5590.6250.0002210.0434850.0342250.008815
    5Sxx -ct-25591.250~5591.3750.0006460.0537250.0496450.00382
    6Sxx -ct-35593.500~5593.6250.0006770.0512550.037620.013805
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出版历程
收稿日期:  2016-09-03
修回日期:  2017-09-08
上线日期:  2017-12-05

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