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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Sleep Sci 2022; 15(01): 105-111
DOI: 10.5935/1984-0063.20220031
ORIGINAL ARTICLES

Bedtime procrastination during the second COVID-19 lockdown in Portugal

André Oliveira    +
1   Psychology Research Center, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
,
Beatriz Pereira    +
1   Psychology Research Center, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
,
Pedro Rosário 
1   Psychology Research Center, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
,
Paula Magalhães 
1   Psychology Research Center, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
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ABSTRACT

Introduction: Bedtime procrastination is the deliberate delay of the time an individual goes to bed in the absence of external reasons. The COVID-19 pandemic has pushed families to establish new routines and ways of managing newfound roles and responsibilities. This scenario is likely to exacerbate bedtime procrastination due to, for example, a challenge in balancing professional and personal life.

Objective: The aim is to present preliminary findings regarding bedtime procrastination and its relation to sociodemographic characteristics, sleep routines, perceived daily fatigue, dinnertime, and activities performed near bedtime, during the second lockdown in Portugal.

Material and Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with a sample of 560 adults.

Results: During home confinement, most people (79.46%) delayed their bedtime. However, this delay does not seem to be affecting the number of hours of sleep, as 88.60% were sleeping the recommended or appropriate number of hours. Nevertheless, most of the participants reported feeling tired throughout the day (53.04%), and individuals who reported to have procrastinated their sleep are those who reported more tiredness (r pb=.33, p<.01). Additionally, bedtime procrastination is positively associated with findings related to dinnertime (e.g., dinner between 9 p.m. and 10 p.m., r pb=.19, p<.01) and with engagement in activities near bedtime (e.g., studying/working, r pb=.39, p<.01).

Conclusion: Current data shows relationships between bedtime procrastination and most of the studied variables. Specifically, findings indicate that lack of routines, especially scheduled nighttime routines (e.g., studying/working near bedtime), may have contributed to bedtime procrastination during the second lockdown in Portugal.

Keywords:

Bedtime Procrastination - Sleep Delay - COVID-19 - Lockdown - Home Confinement

+ These two authors contributed equally to the authorship and should be listed as co-first authors.


FUNDING

This work was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia), under Grant SFRH/BD/143471/2019; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia under Grant SFRH/BD/143469/2019; and Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia under Grant PTDC/PSI-GER/28302/2017.




Publication History

Received: 18 June 2021

Accepted: 13 December 2021

Article published online:
01 December 2023

© 2022. Brazilian Sleep Association. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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