Initial clinical experience with the first drug (sacubitril/valsartan) in a new class — angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors in patients with heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction in Poland

Abstract

Background: Sacubitril/valsartan is the first drug from a new class of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs) recommended in the new European Society of Cardiology guidelines instead of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) that are used if ACEI are not tolerated. Sacubitril/valsartan is recommended for further reduction in the risk of hospitalisation or death in outpatients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) if symptoms continue despite optimal treatment with ACEI/ARB, beta-blockers, and mineralocorticoid antagonists.

Aim: The aim of this study is to present the initial experience with regard to the effectiveness, tolerance, and safety of sacubitril/valsartan in the outpatient cardiology practice in Poland.

Methods: The study is a retrospective analysis of data obtained through a questionnaire filled in by the physicians who initiated the sacubitril/valsartan treatment in patients with HFrEF between 1 June 2016 and 30 September 2016. Patients were followed-up for three months.

Results: The analysis included data on 28 patients aged 61 ± 16 years, of whom 85.7% were males. The drug was used in patients in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class I–III. In 25 (89.2%) patients sacubitril/valsartan was started at the lowest dose (24/26 mg BID). During follow-up the sacubitril/valsartan-treated patients had a reduction in HF symptoms assessed using the NYHA functional class (p = 0.001), a significant drop in N-terminal-pro B-type natriuretic peptide levels (mean, from 2900 to 2270 pg/mL; p = 0.008), and improved exercise tolerance, which occurred shortly after treatment initiation — after a mean of 28 days.

Conclusions: It was demonstrated that the use of sacubitril/valsartan in outpatients with HFrEF is safe and is associated with a significant clinical improvement.