Vol 21, No 1 (2014)
Original articles
Published online: 2014-02-13

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Association of interleukin-4 gene polymorphisms with ischemic heart failure

Mohammad Jafar Mahmoudi, Mona Hedayat, Mohammad Taghvaei, Ebrahim Nematipour, Elham Farhadi, Nilufar Esfahanian, Maryam Sadr, Maryam Mahmoudi, Keramat Nourijelyani, Ali Akbar Amirzargar, Nima Rezaei
DOI: 10.5603/CJ.a2013.0049
Cardiol J 2014;21(1):24-28.

Abstract

Background: As of the potential immunomodulatory effects of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and its importance in inhibiting the production of proinflammatory cytokines by monocytes and activated T cells, the IL-4 gene polymorphisms were investigated in a group of patients with chronic heart failure due to ischemic heart disease.

Methods: Forty three patients with ischemic heart failure (IHF) were enrolled in this study and compared with 139 healthy individuals. The allele and genotype frequency of 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms within the IL-4 gene were determined.

Results: The frequency of the IL-4 –590/T allele in the patient group was significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.0001). The most frequent genotypes in patients with IHF were IL-4 (–590) CC (p < 0.0001), IL-4 (–33) CC (p = 0.021), and IL-4 (–33) TT (p < 0.0001). The frequency of the following genotypes was significantly lower in patients compared to controls: IL-4 (–1098) TG (p = 0.035), IL-4 (–590) TC (p < 0.0001), and IL-4 (–33) TC (p < 0.0001). The most frequent IL-4 haplotypes in the patient group, which were significantly higher than in the control group, were TCC (p < 0.0001), TCT (p = 0.0242), and GCT (p = 0.0108) haplotypes. In contrast, the frequencies of the following haplotypes in the patient group were significantly lower than in the controls: GCC (p = 0.032), TTT (p = 0.0268), and TTC (p = 0.0399).

Conclusions: Certain alleles, genotypes, and haplotypes in IL-4 gene were over represented inpatients with IHF, which may, in turn, predispose individuals to this disease.