Netosis as a bridge between inflammation and liver cell injury

Rycyk Anna, Kasztelan-Szczerbinska Beata, Cichoz-Lach Halina. Netosis as a bridge between inflammation and liver cell injury. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2019;9(1):234-240. eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2550534

http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/6527

https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/sedno-webapp/works/900376

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© The Authors 2019;

This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland

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Received: 03.01.2019. Revised: 11.01.2019. Accepted: 27.01.2019.

Review paper

Netosis as a bridge between inflammation and liver cell injury

Anna Rycyk, Beata Kasztelan-Szczerbinska, Halina Cichoz-Lach

Department of Gastroenterology with Endoscopy Unit, Medical University, Lublin

Authors information and address for correspondence:

Anna Rycyk MD, ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5625-0330 , Department of Gastroenterology with Endoscopy Unit, Medical University, Lublin, e-mail: aniarycyk@op.pl

Beata Kasztelan- Szczerbińska PhD, Assistant Professor, ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7198-4428 , Department of Gastroenterology with Endoscopy Unit, Medical University, Lublin, e-mail: beata.szczerbinska@op.pl

Halina Cichoz-Lach Professor, ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7337-835X , Department of Gastroenterology with Endoscopy Unit, Medical University, Lublin, e-mail: halinacichozlach@umlub.pl

Key words: netosis, alcohol liver disease (ALD), neutrophils, neutrophil netosis, NET

Abstract

One of programmed cell death types, netosis, discovered in ’96, was first described by Zychlinsky et al. and has gained elevating popularity among many researchers. It is a process occurring in order to catch pathogens into a trap and kill them. This trap is a scaffold somewhat consisting of chromatin and particles with antimicrobial properties such as histones. Extracellular histones are capable of proinflammatory cytokines production and platelets aggregation what accounts for inflammatory response. Unfortunately, these proteins have also a toxic potential which leads to cell injury through Toll like receptors presented by neutrophils. Mentioned neutrophils participate in an oxidative burst which yields to production reactive oxygen species performing a crucial role in the development of hepatocytes injury. Thus, alcohol abuse appears to result in a rapid development of liver cell injury through progression of inflammation induced by netosis. However, controlled NETs forming can be a future therapeutic option.