Article PDF
References
APA/CAPP Task Force on Serious Mental Illness and Severe Emotional Disturbance (2005). Training grid outlining best practices for recovery and improved outcomes for people with serious mental illness, Version 1.3. Retrieved July 16, 2006 from https://doi.org/www.apa.org/practice/grid.html
Glynn, S. M. (1990). Token economy approaches for psychiatric patients: Progress and pitfalls over 25 years. Behavior Modification, 14, 383–407. https://doi.org/10.1177/01454455900144002
Liberman, R. P. (1980). A review of Paul and Lentz’s psychological treatment for chronic mental patients: Milieu versus social-learning programs. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 13, 367–371. https://doi.org/10.1901/jaba.1980.13-367
Mariotto, M. J., Paul, G. L., & Licht, M. H. (2002). Assessment in inpatient and residential settings. In J. N. Butcher (Ed.), Clinical personality assessment: Practical approaches (2nd ed.) (pp. 466–490). New York: Oxford University Press.
Paul, G.L. (Ed.). (1987). Observational assessment instrumentation for service and research–The Time-Sample Behavioral Checklist: Assessment in residential treatment settings, Part 2. Champaign, IL: Research Press
Paul, G.L. (2000). Evidence-based practices in inpatient and residential facilities. The Clinical Psychologist, 53, 3–11.
Paul, G.L. (2001). The active unconscious, symptom substitution, & other things that went ‘bump’ in the night. In W.T. O’Donohue, D.A. Henderson, S.C. Hayes, J.E. Fisher, & L.J. Hayes (Eds.), The history of the behavioral therapies: Founder’s personal histories (pp. 295–336). Reno, NV: Context Press.
Paul, G.L. (2006). Psychotherapy outcome can be studied scientifically. In S.O. Lilienfeld & W.T. O’Donohue (Eds.), The great ideas of clinical science: 17 concepts every mental health researcher and practitioner should understand (pp. 117–145). New York: Brunner-Routledge.
Paul, G.L, & Lentz, R.J. (1977). Psychosocial treatment of chronic mental patients: Milieu versus social-learning programs. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Paul, G. L., & Menditto, A. A. (1992). Effectiveness of inpatient treatment programs for mentally ill adults in public psychiatric facilities. Applied & Preventive Psychology: Current Scientific Perspectives, 1, 41–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0962-1849(05)80133-7
Paul, G. L., Stuve, P., & Cross, J. V. (1997). Real-world inpatient programs: Shedding some light. Applied & Preventive Psychology: Current Scientific Perspectives, 6, 195–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0962-1849(97)80008-X
Paul, G. L., Stuve, P., & Menditto, A. A. (1997). Social-learning program (with token economy) for adult psychiatric inpatients. The Clinical Psychologist, 50, 14–17.
Paul, G.L., Tobias, L.L., & Holly, B.L. (1972). Maintenance psychotropic drugs in the presence of active treatment programs: A “triple-blind” withdrawal study with long-term mental patients. Archives of General Psychiatry, 27, 106–115. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1972.01750250092013
Rhoades, L. J. (1981). Treating and assessing the chronically mentally ill: The pioneering research of Gordon L. Paul. DHHS Publication No. (ADM) 81–1100. Rockville, MD: Science Reports Branch, Division of Scientific and Public Information, National Institute of Mental Health.
Wakefield, J. C. (2006). Is behaviorism becoming a pseudo-science?: Power versus scientific rationality in the eclipse of token economies by biological psychiatry in the treatment of schizophrenia. Behavior and Social Issues, 15, 202–221. https://doi.org/10.5210/bsi.v15i2.363.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Paul, G.L. Myth and Reality in Wakefield’s Assertions Regarding Paul and Lentz (1977). Behav. Soc. Iss. 15, 244–252 (2006). https://doi.org/10.5210/bsi.v15i2.391
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5210/bsi.v15i2.391