有機合成化学協会誌
Online ISSN : 1883-6526
Print ISSN : 0037-9980
ISSN-L : 0037-9980
総説および総合論文
非活性化アルケンおよびアルキンに対する触媒的分子内ヒドロ官能基化反応の開発
澁谷 正俊
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ジャーナル 認証あり

2022 年 80 巻 7 号 p. 645-653

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Catalytic intramolecular hydrofunctionalizations of acyclic alkenes and alkynes are desired methods for the construction of pharmaceutically important heterocycles with 100% atom efficiencies. Although electrophilic activation of alkenes and alkynes in the presence of Lewis basic hydroxy and amino groups can cause the reactions, those of monoalkyl- and 1,2-dialkyl-substituted alkenes and alkynes called unactivated alkenes and alkynes are difficult owing to their inherent reactivity. Herein, we introduce several transition metal-free novel catalytic systems for the intramolecular hydrofunctionalization of such unactivated alkenes and alkynes; iodine-silane catalytic system for the hydroalkoxylation of unactivated alkenes, Brønsted acid-silane and iodine-silane catalytic systems for the hydrofunctionalization/reduction of unactivated alkynes, and boron catalytic systems for double hydrofunctionalization reactions of unactivated alkynes. A novel active species, iodophenylsilane (PhSiH2I) efficiently catalyzes the intramolecular hydroalkoxylation of unactivated alkenes in the iodine-silane catalytic system. A super strong Brønsted acid catalyst can activate unactivated alkynes in the presence of silane to cause the hydrofunctionalization/reduction. Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane [B(C6F5)3] chemoselectively activates unactivated alkynes in the presence of allylsilane to cause the intramolecular hydrofunctionalization/hydro-allylation. In addition, tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane hydrate [B(C6F5)3·nH2O] reacts with trime-thylsilylcyanide to form H+[NCB(C6F5)3]-, which catalyzes the intramolecular hydroalkoxylation/hydrocyanation of unactivated alkynes. These catalytic methods enable the rapid construction of multiply-substituted oxygen-or nitrogen-containing heterocycles.

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