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Effect of Brazil’s Conditional Cash Transfer Programme on the new case detection rate of leprosy in children under 15 years old
Kaio Vinicius Freitas De Andrade
  Kaio Vinicius Freitas De Andrade
Affiliation
Institute of Collective Health (ISC), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
Correspondence to: Kaio Vinicius Freitas de Andrade, Institute of Collective Health (ISC), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil (e-mail: kaiovinnicius@yahoo.com.br)
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a,*
Joilda Silva Nery
  Joilda Silva Nery
Affiliation
Federal University of São Francisco Valley (UNIVASF), Paulo Afonso, Bahia, Brazil
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b
Maria Lucia Fernandes Penna
  Maria Lucia Fernandes Penna
Affiliation
Fluminense Federal University, Health Sciences Center, Institute of Community Health, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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c
Gerson Oliveira Penna
  Gerson Oliveira Penna
Affiliation
University of Brasília, Tropical Medicine Center, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
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d
Mauricio Lima Barreto
  Mauricio Lima Barreto
Affiliation
Institute of Collective Health (ISC), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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a,e
Susan Martins Pereira
  Susan Martins Pereira
Affiliation
Institute of Collective Health (ISC), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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a
Background:

Poverty and other socio-environmental determinants may contribute to the occurrence of leprosy. However, there is no previous evidence on the effectiveness of cash transfer programmes in reducing leprosy case detection among children under 15 years old.

 Objective:

This study aimed to assess the effect of the Brazilian conditional cash transfer programme (Bolsa Família Programme, BFP) on the reduction of new case detection rates (NCDR) of leprosy in Brazilians under 15 years old.

 Methods:

We performed a mixed ecological study with the Brazilian municipalities as units of analysis, during 2004–2015. The main independent variables were: BFP coverage of target population (poor and extremely poor families) and BFP coverage of the total population of the municipalities. Data were obtained from public databases. We included 1,120 (of 5,570) municipalities in the analysis, using fixedeffects negative binomial models for panel data, adjusted for the municipal coverages of the Brazilian primary health care programme (Family Health Strategy, FHS) and for a set of sociodemographic covariates.

 Results:

We found an increasing trend in the median BFP coverages and a decreasing trend in the NCDR of leprosy in individuals under 15 years old. This indicator was significantly reduced in municipalities with higher BFP coverages of target population (RR = 0.75; CI 95% 0.63–0.88) and higher BFP coverages of the total population of the municipalities (RR = 0.85; CI 95% 0.79–0.93).

 Conclusions:

During the study period, BFP was associated with a reduction of the NCDR of leprosy among Brazilians aged less than 15 years old, living in municipalities with a high risk of leprosy transmission.
Keywords
leprosy incidence child adolescent social protection Brazil
Cite this article
Kaio Vinicius Freitas De Andrade, Joilda Silva Nery, Maria Lucia Fernandes Penna, Gerson Oliveira Penna, Mauricio Lima Barreto, Susan Martins Pereira;
Effect of Brazil’s Conditional Cash Transfer Programme on the new case detection rate of leprosy in children under 15 years old; Leprosy Review; 2018; 89; 1; 13-24; DOI: 10.47276/lr.89.1.13
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DOI: 10.47276/lr.89.1.13

articleview.journal_title: Leprosy Review
articleview.publisher: Lepra
articleview.publisher_location: Colchester, UK
articleview.article_date_pre accepted on 20 December 2017 and articleview.pub_on 01 March 2018
© Lepra 2018
LEPROSY
Leprosy Review
0305-7518
British Leprosy Relief Association
Colchester, UK
01-3024
0305-7518/18/064053+12
10.47276/lr.89.1.13
Original Papers
Effect of Brazil’s Conditional Cash Transfer Programme on the new case detection rate of leprosy in children under 15 years old
De AndradeKaio Vinicius Freitas
a
NeryJoilda Silva
b
PennaMaria Lucia Fernandes
c
PennaGerson Oliveira
d
BarretoMauricio Lima
ae
PereiraSusan Martins
a
a
Institute of Collective Health (ISC), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
b
Federal University of São Francisco Valley (UNIVASF), Paulo Afonso, Bahia, Brazil
c
Fluminense Federal University, Health Sciences Center, Institute of Community Health, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
d
University of Brasília, Tropical Medicine Center, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
e
Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
Correspondence to: Kaio Vinicius Freitas de Andrade, Institute of Collective Health (ISC), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil (e-mail: )
01032018
89
1
13
24
20122017
© Lepra
2018
Background:
Poverty and other socio-environmental determinants may contribute to the occurrence of leprosy. However, there is no previous evidence on the effectiveness of cash transfer programmes in reducing leprosy case detection among children under 15 years old.
Objective:
This study aimed to assess the effect of the Brazilian conditional cash transfer programme (Bolsa Família Programme, BFP) on the reduction of new case detection rates (NCDR) of leprosy in Brazilians under 15 years old.
Methods:
We performed a mixed ecological study with the Brazilian municipalities as units of analysis, during 2004–2015. The main independent variables were: BFP coverage of target population (poor and extremely poor families) and BFP coverage of the total population of the municipalities. Data were obtained from public databases. We included 1,120 (of 5,570) municipalities in the analysis, using fixedeffects negative binomial models for panel data, adjusted for the municipal coverages of the Brazilian primary health care programme (Family Health Strategy, FHS) and for a set of sociodemographic covariates.
Results:
We found an increasing trend in the median BFP coverages and a decreasing trend in the NCDR of leprosy in individuals under 15 years old. This indicator was significantly reduced in municipalities with higher BFP coverages of target population (RR = 0.75; CI 95% 0.63–0.88) and higher BFP coverages of the total population of the municipalities (RR = 0.85; CI 95% 0.79–0.93).
Conclusions:
During the study period, BFP was associated with a reduction of the NCDR of leprosy among Brazilians aged less than 15 years old, living in municipalities with a high risk of leprosy transmission.
leprosyincidencechildadolescentsocial protectionBrazil