ABSTRACT
Globalization is a force that shapes the contemporary world, affecting business, environment, and society. Globalization is subject to intensive theoretical debate in sustainability because social and environmental problems are inherently global. This chapter discusses different schools of globalization thinkers and the concept of the ‘risk society’, explores the relationship between globalization and sustainability. It highlights global organizations concerned with sustainability and the universal spread of sustainability concerns. The chapter discusses the greening of global supply chains in the context of neo-liberal democracy. It also discusses theories of development and innovation such as post-material value, Environmental Kuznets Curve, and ecological modernization. Risk society refers to a systematic way of dealing with the hazards and insecurities introduced by modernization, viewed as the probability of harm arising from technological and economic change. The Green Revolution stimulated growth in the agricultural technology that had begun to expand following the Second World War.
