ABSTRACT
Based on a combination of new data on industrial employment and recent empirical findings, we explore regional industrialization of Yugoslavia in the long term. We find that the pace of industrialization was highly uneven among Yugoslav regions. Neither capitalist nor socialist modes of production were able to ensure a more egalitarian pace of industrialization. No single theory can explain regional industrialization patterns over the long term. During the interwar period, factor endowments, markets, and path dependence help explain why some regions were more industrialized than others. During the socialist period, a combination of institutional and policy-related factors drove regional industrialization patterns.
