During an ongoing study of Herpetogramma Lederer (Spilomelinae), four species, three from the Western Hemisphere and one from Japan, were discovered to be misplaced in the genus and the subfamily. Based on primary type material, the following new and revised combinations and transfers to the Pyraustinae are proposed: the male syntype of Pachyzancla nigripalpis Hampson is designated as the lectotype and is transferred to Pyrausta, and the female syntype of P. nigripalpis is transferred to Hahncappsia as a species of uncertain identity but closest to H. jaliscalis Capps. Pachyzancla straminea Hampson and Pachyzancla holochrysis Hampson are transferred to Pyrausta; Herpetogramma albipennis Inoue is transferred to Aglaops Warren. The adults, genitalia, and labels are illustrated for the first time.