Open Access, Peer-reviewed
pISSN 2093-4378
eISSN 2093-4386
    J Korean Soc Spine Surg. 2009 Sep;8(3):274-285. Korean.
    Published online Sep 30, 2009.
    https://doi.org/10.4184/jkss.2001.8.3.274
    Copyright © 2001 Korean Society of Spine Surgery
    Review

    Prediction of Force on the Spine Using Three-Dimensional Mathematical Model

    Jung Soo Han, Ph.D.
      • Department of Mechenical Systems Engineering, CSST, Korea.
    • Address reprint requests to Jung Soo Han, Ph.D. Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, CSST, #389 Samsun-dong 2-ga, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-792, Korea. Tel: 82-2-760-4323, Fax: 82-2-760-4329, Email: jshan@hansung.ac.kr

    Abstract

    Mechanical factors in the human body are considered to play a dominant role in low back pain problems. Various spinal structures, including muscles, act in unison to resist the external load. An estimation of the muscle forces in this structure requires a knowledge of the orientation, location and area of cross-section of the muscles to complete the formulation of a truly three-dimensional mathematical model of the spine. The geometric parameters which are calculated were the line of action, the centroid and physiologic area of cross-section of each muscle as a function of the spinal level. This geometric data were obtained from CT scans of 11 subjects participating in this study.

    Keywords
    Low back pain; Spinal structures; Physiologic data; Mechanical factors

    Figures

    Fig. 1

    Fig. 2

    Fig. 3

    Fig. 4

    Fig. 5

    Fig. 6

    Fig. 7

    Fig. 8

    Fig. 9

    Tables

    Table 1

    Table 2

    Table 3

    Table 4

    Table 5

    Table 6

    References

      1. Dumas GA, Poulin MJ, Roy B, Gagnon M, Jovanovic M. A three-dimensional digitization method to measure trunk muscle lines of action. Spine 1988;13:532–541.
      1. Goel VK, Han JS, Ahn AY, et al. A Comprehensive Model to Estimate Forces in Spinal Structures During Dynamic Lifting; 38th Orthopedic Research Society; Feb; Washington, D.C. 1990. pp. 17-20.
      1. Han JS, Ahn JY, Geol VK, Takeuchi R, McGowan D. CT-based geometric date of human spine musculature. Part I: Japanese patients with chronic low back pain. Spine 1992;14:448–458.
      1. Han JS, Goel VK, Ahn JY, Winterbottom J, McGowan D, Weinstein J, Cook T. Loads in the spinal structures during lifting: Developerment of a three-dimesional comprehensive biomechanical model. Eur Spine J 1995;2:1–16.
      1. Han JS, Goel VK, Kumer S. A nonlinear optimization force model of the human lumber spine. Int j Ind Ergon 1991;8:289–301.
      1. Kumer S. Moment arms of spinal musculature determined from CT scans. Clin Biomech 1988;3:137–144.
      1. Magora A. Investigation of the relation between low back pain and occupation. Industrial Medicine 1970A;39:465–471.
      1. Magora A. Investigation of the relation between low back pain and occupation, 2. Work History. Industrial Medicine 1970B;39:504–510.
      1. Marras WS, Sommerich CM. A three-dimensional motion model of loads on the lumber spine, Part I: Model structure. Human Factors 1991A;33:129–137.
      1. Marras WS, Sommerich CM. A three-dimensional motion model of loads on the lumber spine, Part II: Model validation. Human Factors 1991B;33:139–149.
      1. McGill SM, Patt N, Norman RW. Measurement of the trunk musculature of active males using CT scan radiography, implications for force and moment generating capacity about the L4/L5 joint. J Biomech 1988;21:329–341.
      1. Nemech G, Ohlsen H. Moment arm lengths of trunk muscles to the lumbosacral joint obtained in vivo with computed tomography. Spine 1986;11:158–160.
      1. NIOSH. A work practices guide for manual lifting. . Cincinnati, OH: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Taft Industries; 1981.
      1. Nemeth G, Ohlsen H. Moment arm lengths of trunk muscles to the lumbosacral joint obtained in vivo with computed tomography. Spine 1987;11:273–275.
      1. Kumar S. Moment arms of spinal musculature determined from CT scans. Clin Biomech 1988;3:137–144.
    Metrics
    Share
    Figures
    slide
    slide
    slide
    slide
    slide
    slide
    slide
    slide
    slide

    1 / 9

    Tables
    slide
    slide
    slide
    slide
    slide
    slide

    1 / 6

    PERMALINK