Research Article
Elevation Analysis for Urban Microcell Outdoor Measurements at 2.3 GHz
@INPROCEEDINGS{10.4108/icst.5gu.2014.258146, author={Antti Roivainen and Veikko Hovinen and Juha Meinil\aa{} and Nuutti Tervo and Marko Sonkki and Claudio Dias}, title={Elevation Analysis for Urban Microcell Outdoor Measurements at 2.3 GHz}, proceedings={1st International Conference on 5G for Ubiquitous Connectivity}, publisher={IEEE}, proceedings_a={5GU}, year={2014}, month={12}, keywords={3d channel modeling elevation angle spread}, doi={10.4108/icst.5gu.2014.258146} }- Antti Roivainen
Veikko Hovinen
Juha Meinilä
Nuutti Tervo
Marko Sonkki
Claudio Dias
Year: 2014
Elevation Analysis for Urban Microcell Outdoor Measurements at 2.3 GHz
5GU
IEEE
DOI: 10.4108/icst.5gu.2014.258146
Abstract
This paper presents the analysis of departure elevation angles for the urban microcell radio channel measurements at 2.3 GHz. The measurements were conducted with EB Propsound $\text{CS}^{\text{TM}}$ for 30 x 16 antenna configuration in Oulu city center, Finland. The transmitter (Tx) antenna heights of 5 m and 10 m were used. The Tx antenna elements were arranged in the plus shape and nine antenna elements were placed with linear spacing in the vertical dimension providing high elevation resolution and an accurate elevation angle estimate for the departure angles. The measurement results indicate that the Laplacian distribution can be used for modelling the elevation angles of departure. A smaller elevation spread of departure (ESD) is observed for the higher Tx antenna height. Furthermore, a significant difference in ESDs between the line-of-sight (LOS) and the non-line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation environments are noticed. The ESD with respect to distance is observed to follow the negative exponential model and the linear model in the LOS and the NLOS propagation environments, respectively.