数字工程及十个领域应用展望

doi:10.3901/JME.2023.13.193

机械工程学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (13): 193-215.doi: 10.3901/JME.2023.13.193

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数字工程及十个领域应用展望

陶飞^1,2, 张辰源², 刘蔚然², 张贺², 马昕², 高鹏飞², 张建康²

1. 北京航空航天大学国际交叉科学研究院数字孪生国际研究中心北京 100191;
2. 北京航空航天大学自动化科学与电气工程学院北京 100191

收稿日期:2023-04-20 修回日期:2023-05-20 出版日期:2023-07-05 发布日期:2023-08-15
通讯作者: 陶飞(通信作者),男,1981年出生,博士,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为数字孪生、智能制造、绿色可持续制造。E-mail:ftao@buaa.edu.cn
作者简介:张辰源,男,1995年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为数字孪生、车间及装备运行优化。E-mail:zhangchenyuan@buaa.edu.cn;刘蔚然,男,1991年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为数字孪生、数字孪生卫星工程及应用。E-mail:lwr1991@buaa.edu.cn;张贺,男,1995年出生,博士。主要研究方向为数字孪生模型、智能制造。E-mail:zh1303@buaa.edu.cn;马昕,女,1995年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为数字孪生交互、数字孪生标准。E-mail:msmaxin@buaa.edu.cn;高鹏飞,男,1994年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为数字孪生、面向制造的虚拟测试技术。E-mail:1204667874@qq.com;张建康,男,1998年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为数字孪生、智能制造、数字孪生测试。E-mail:zhangjiankang@buaa.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52120105008，52275471)。

Digital Engineering and Its Ten Application Outlooks

TAO Fei^1,2, ZHANG Chenyuan², LIU Weiran², ZHANG He², MA Xin², GAO Pengfei², ZHANG Jiankang²

1. Digital Twin Research Center, International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beihang University, Beijing 100191;
2. School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191

Received:2023-04-20 Revised:2023-05-20 Online:2023-07-05 Published:2023-08-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 依赖物理手段规划、研究、设计、制造、试验和使用产品或系统，通常存在研制周期长、运营成本高、响应不及时、智能程度低、体系优化难等问题，数字工程为解决上述问题提供了新的思路和途径。通过总结近20多年数智化实践和分析未来发展趋势，从物理空间出发，提出基于“信息空间”提速增效、基于“数字空间”仿真分析、基于“数实空间”虚实交互、基于“数智空间”智能决策、基于“数智生态”体系优化的数字工程演进历程和五等级成熟度模型。在数字工程范畴下，定义了“数力”和“智力”，以及由“控全局、破孤岛、聚能力、跨时空、强智能、深协同”组成的数字工程“能力”，进而提出通过开发“数力”，运用“智力”，进而提升体系化解决问题和满足需求“能力”的数字工程新理解与系统思考。分析了NewIT时代下数字工程的六大需求与挑战。设计提出以“智能中枢”为核心，以“物理线程、模型线程、数据线程、服务线程”四线程为主线的数字工程体系架构，并阐述支撑数字工程的八类关键技术。最后结合团队科研实践，基于所提架构和技术，面向海陆空天复杂产品与装备研制，以及城市、医疗、能源等复杂系统工程重大需求，对核电厂数字工程、航空发动机数字工程、卫星互联网数字工程、海洋系统及海洋装备数字工程、风洞数字工程、未来战场数字工程、城市数字工程、高档数控机床数字工程、能源数字工程、车辆数字工程等重大领域进行应用探索。期望相关工作为复杂产品或系统全生命周期科学组织、智能管控和体系优化，以及为数字中国建设与数字经济发展提供参考。

关键词: 数字工程, 数字孪生, 系统工程, 人工智能, 数力, 智力, 能力, 复杂产品, 复杂系统, 全生命周期

Abstract: Relying on physical methods for planning, research, design, manufacturing, test and use of products or systems is usually constrained by time, space, cost and safety, leading to problems such as long development cycle, high operating costs, delayed response, low intelligence, and difficult system optimization. In order to address the above problems, the theory of digital engineering is introduced, which strives to fully utilize both the 'digital power' and 'intelligence power' to enhance the 'capability'. In this paper, firstly a five-phase maturity model of digital engineering is proposed to better understand, further develop and fully utilize of digital engineering based on the analysis of the current digitalization and intelligentization practices and its future development trends. Then, the 'digital power', 'intelligence power' and 'capability' of digital engineering are defined, and the demands and challenges of digital engineering in the era of New IT are expounded in detail. Furthermore, the architecture of digital engineering is designed, which consists of one 'intelligence center' and four threads (physical thread, model thread, data thread and service thread), and eight key supporting technologies are also put forward. Finally, the application outlooks of digital engineering in ten fields are discussed, including digital nuclear power plant, digital aero-engine, digital satellite internet, digital ocean and marine equipment, digital wind tunnel, digital battlefield, digital city, digital computer numerical control machine, digital energy and digital vehicles, expecting to provide references for the scientific organization, intelligent control and system optimization of complex products and systems throughout lifecycle, as well as the construction of digital earth and the development of digital economy.

Key words: digital engineering, digital twin, systems engineering, artificial intelligence, digital power, intelligence power, capability, complex products, complex systems, lifecycle

中图分类号:

I253

陶飞, 张辰源, 刘蔚然, 张贺, 马昕, 高鹏飞, 张建康. 数字工程及十个领域应用展望[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(13): 193-215.

TAO Fei, ZHANG Chenyuan, LIU Weiran, ZHANG He, MA Xin, GAO Pengfei, ZHANG Jiankang. Digital Engineering and Its Ten Application Outlooks[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 59(13): 193-215.

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数字工程及十个领域应用展望

Digital Engineering and Its Ten Application Outlooks

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