雪峰山西侧北缘五峰组-龙马溪组含笔石页岩热成熟度特征

樊云鹏; 刘岩; 文志刚; 王宗秀; 张林炎; 唐鹏海; 徐耀辉; 田永晶; 陈吉; 严刚

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2019.098

雪峰山西侧北缘五峰组-龙马溪组含笔石页岩热成熟度特征

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2019.098

樊云鹏^1, ,,
刘岩^1,2,3,4, ,,
文志刚¹,
王宗秀⁵,
张林炎⁵,
唐鹏海¹,
徐耀辉¹,
田永晶²,
陈吉¹,
严刚¹

1.
长江大学资源与环境学院, 湖北武汉 430100
2.
长江大学录井技术与工程研究院, 湖北荆州 434023
3.
山东科技大学山东省沉积成矿作用与沉积矿产重点实验室, 山东青岛 266590
4.
中国石油大学油气资源与探测国家重点实验室, 北京 102249
5.
中国地质科学院地质力学研究所, 北京 100081

基金项目:

中国地质调查局地质调查项目 DD20160183

中国地质调查局地质调查项目 DD20160181

国家自然科学基金项目 41503034

国家自然科学基金项目 41672117

国家油气重大专项 2017ZX05001005-002-001

油气资源与探测国家重点实验室开放课题 PRP-Open/1509

刘宝珺地学青年科学基金暨山东省沉积成矿作用与沉积矿产重点实验室开放基金项目 DMSM2017084

详细信息

作者简介:
樊云鹏(1995-), 男, 在读硕士研究生, 主要从事有机地球化学研究工作

通讯作者:
刘岩

中图分类号: P618
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-04-27
- 刊出日期: 2019-11-15

Characteristics of Thermal Maturity of Graptolite-Bearing Shales in Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations on Northern Margin of Xuefeng Mountain

1.
College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
2.
Institute of Mud Logging Technology and Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
3.
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization & Sedimentary Mineral, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
4.
State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
5.
Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 五峰组-龙马溪组含笔石富有机质页岩是中国目前最成功和最重要的页岩气勘探目标.由于缺乏镜质体，该地层的成熟度一直存在争议.以雪峰山西侧北缘富含笔石的五峰组-龙马溪组页岩为例，采用笔石表皮体反射率来表征其成熟度特征.该套页岩笔石含量丰富，以非粒状笔石表皮体为主，其具有二轴晶光性特征，最大反射率（GR_max）和双反射率之间表现出正相关关系，成熟度越高的笔石表皮体表现出更强的各向异性.同时，该套地层中也含有丰富的沥青颗粒，其随机反射率与笔石表皮体的最大和随机反射率也呈现了正相关性，其各向异性更弱，但其成因复杂，且颗粒细小，测定较困难，因此，相对而言，作为热成熟指标，笔石表皮体反射率更占优势.雪峰山西侧北缘五峰组-龙马溪组含笔石页岩的成熟度较高，EqVR_o值均为3.10%以上，达到了过成熟阶段，是页岩气勘探的有利区.
- 页岩气 /
- 笔石表皮体反射率 /
- 五峰组-龙马溪组 /
- 热演化 /
- 油气地质
Abstract: The maturity of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation organic-rich shales with graptolites, which is now one of the most successful and important shale gas exploration targets in China, has been controversial due to the lack of vitrinite. In this paper, taking this formation shale located on the northern margin of Xuefeng Mountain as an example, the graptolite reflectance is used to represent the maturity characteristics. It is concluded that this shale is rich in graptolite, mainly composed of non-granular graptolites which have biaxial optical characteristics, and its maximum reflectance (GR_max) and bireflectance are positive. In addition, the higher the maturity of the graptolites, the greater the anisotropy of graptolite reflectance. At the same time, this formation is also rich in asphalt particles, and its random reflectance value is also positively correlated with the maximum and random reflectance of the graptolites, and its anisotropy is weaker than the former. However, the reflectance of asphalt particles is difficult to measure because of its complicated formation factor and smaller size. Relatively speaking, the graptolite reflectance is more dominant as a thermal maturity indicator. The Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation shales located on the northern margin of Xuefeng Mountain is a favorable area for shale gas exploration because of its high maturity. The equivalent vitrinite reflectance values (EqVR_o) of this shale has reached more than 3.10%, reaching the over-mature stage.
- shale gas /
- graptolite reflectance /
- Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations /
- thermal evolution /
- petroleum geology

HTML全文

图 1 研究区及样品取样点位分布

Fig. 1. The distribution of sample sites

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 JY1井龙马溪组综合柱状图中TOC等指数变化与笔石带的对照

据郭彤楼和刘若冰(2013)

Fig. 2. Composite column chart of Longmaxi Formation with a correlation between TOC index and graptolite biozones in the Well JY1

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图 3 典型岩心笔石形态

a.XLD-48样品中卷笔石和直笔石; b.XLD-74样品中直笔石

Fig. 3. Typical graptolites observed in drillcore

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图 4 雪峰山西侧北缘五峰组-龙马溪组页岩典型显微组分照片（油浸，反射白光，×50）

a.断续状分布笔石表皮体与固体沥青（TB18）；b.断续线状分布笔石表皮体，可见黄铁矿充填几丁虫体（XLD-48）; c.笔石表皮体（XLD-56）; d.分段笔石表皮体（XLD-74）; e.笔石表皮体与固体沥青（J101-4083-V）; f.纺锤层结构的笔石表皮体，局部沥青浸染（J101-4083-H）; g.断续线状笔石表皮体（J102-3124-V）; h.含纺锤层结构的笔石表皮体（J102-3124-H）

Fig. 4. Graptolite fragments in Wufeng-Longmaxi shales (oil immersion, polarized light, ×50)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 笔石表皮体双反射率与最大反射率相关关系

Fig. 5. The relationship between R_max and (R_max－R_min)

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图 6 研究区五峰组-龙马溪组页岩笔石表皮体双反射率十字图解

据Kilby(1988); a=R_max; b=R_int; c=R_min

Fig. 6. Reflectance crossplots and relevant cross-sections across GRIS

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图 7 雪峰山西侧北缘五峰组-龙马溪组页岩沥青显微组分照片（油浸，反射白光，×50）

a.沥青反射率2.097（J101-3124-H）; b.沥青反射率2.083（J101-3124-H）; c.沥青反射率2.685（J101-4083-V）; d.沥青反射率2.516（XLD-56）

Fig. 7. Solid bitumen in Wufeng–Longmaxi shales(oil immersion, polarized light, ×50)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 笔石平均最大反射率与随机反射率关系(垂直层理切片)

Fig. 8. The relationship between R_max and R_ran (vertical slice)

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图 9 沥青反射率与笔石平均最大、随机反射率关系(垂直层理切片)

Fig. 9. The relationship between BR_o and GR_max, GR_ran(vertical slice)

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图 10 笔石表皮体随机反射率与沥青随机反射率的分布范围对比

Fig. 10. The distribution contrast of GR_ran and BR_o

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表 1 样品信息

Table 1. Sample information

序号	样品编号	地点	深度（m）	层位	岩性	TOC（%）
1	TB-18	田坝剖面	--	S₁l	黑色页岩	5.11
2	TB-20	田坝剖面	--	S₁l	黑色页岩	2.81
3	XLD-48	湖南龙山	1 488.8	S₁l-LM5段	硅质页岩	1.09
4	XLD-56	湖南龙山	1 493.2	S₁l-LM5段	硅质页岩	0.86
5	XLD-74	湖南龙山	1 502.7	S₁l-WF2段	硅质页岩	3.67
6	J101-4079	湖北远安	4 079	龙一段3小层	黑色页岩	2.63
7	J101-4083-V*	湖北远安	4 083	龙一段2小层	黄灰色硅质页岩	1.06
8	J101-4083-H**	湖北远安	4 083	龙一段2小层	黄灰色硅质页岩	1.06
9	J102-3114	湖北远安	3 114	龙一段2小层	灰黑色泥页岩	2.53
10	J102-3124-V*	湖北远安	3 124	O₃w	灰黑色页岩	3.72
11	J102-3124-H**	湖北远安	3 124	O₃w	灰黑色页岩	3.72
注：V为垂直层理方向的切片，H*为平行层理方向的切片.

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 样品成熟度的校正

Table 2. The calibration of sample maturity

样品编号	GR_ran （%）	GR_min （%）	GR_max （%）	GR_max－GR_min（%）	GR_max平均值（%）	测点	EqVR_o*
TB-18	3.50	0.92	6.88	5.96	5.70	20	3.64
TB-20	3.34	0.68	6.34	5.66	5.44	20	3.47
XLD-48	2.99	0.48	5.62	5.14	4.93	20	3.10
XLD-56	3.03	0.56	5.88	5.32	4.92	20	3.14
XLD-74	3.05	0.76	6.01	5.25	5.28	20	3.16
J101-4079	3.50	0.73	6.66	5.93	5.41	20	3.64
J101-4083-V	3.89	0.55	7.84	7.29	6.29	22	4.05
J102-3114	3.52	0.60	6.09	5.49	5.38	20	3.66
J102-3124-V	3.35	0.45	6.69	6.24	5.75	21	3.48
注：EqVR_o=1.055×GR_ran－0.053 (GR_ran为随机反射率，%)（Luo et al*., 2018）.

下载: 导出CSV

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