为提升单目结构光测量系统的测量精度和效率，对结构光三维重建中最重要步骤相位展开算法进行了改进，提出一种多鸽巢自适应排序的相位展开算法，其有效地抑制了相位展开过程中的误差传递，并能显著提升计算效率。首先，根据像素的二阶差分定义像素的不可信函数，并将相邻像素组合成为像素组；然后，自适应构建具有不同不可信值范围的鸽巢使其满足误差传递要求，并依次将像素组放入对应参数的鸽巢中；最后，根据鸽巢的不可信值从小到大依次进行相位展开。在单目结构光系统中开展验证实验，实验结果显示：提出的相位展开算法相较原算法提速38.37%，且在点云求解精度上有较大提升，有效优化了测量系统相关性能。

In order to improve the measurement accuracy and efficiency of the single-shot structured light measurement system, the phase unwrapping algorithm of the most important step in the three-dimensional reconstruction of structured light was improved. A phase unwrapping algorithm based on multiple pigeonholes adaptive sorting was proposed, which efficiently suppressed the error transmission during the unwrapping process and significantly improved the calculation efficiency. Firstly, the unreliability function of a pixel was defined according to the second-order difference of the pixels, and adjacent pixels were combined into a pixel group. Secondly, the pigeonholes with different ranges of unreliability values was constructed adaptively to meet the requirements of error transmission, and then pixel groups were placed into the pigeonholes with corresponding parameters in turn. Finally, the phase unwrapping was performed in ascending order according to the unreliability value of the pigeonholes. The verification experiments were carried out in a monocular structured light system. The experimental results show that the phase unwrapping algorithm proposed improves the efficiency by 38.37% compared with the original algorithm, and the accuracy of the point cloud solution has been greatly improved. It effectively optimizes the relevant performance of the measurement system.