Keywords
age
physical activities
nutrition status
passive smoking
How to Cite
Abstract
Background: Some internal factors have both positive and negative effects to people's health, especially those who live in a polluted area. The area around the cement industry is an example of polluted area in which the lung capacity will be harmed.
Aim: This research aimed at finding out internal factors affecting lung capacity of people living in the area around the cement industry.
Methods: This research used a cross sectional study plan by measuring lung capacity (FEV1 and FVC) of people living in four different locations. The locations were based on wind directions and within 3 km from the cement industry. The study plan was also done by connecting the measurement with other factors, such as age, physical activities, nutrition status and passive smoking or environmental tobacco smoke (ETS).
Results: Based on the calculation of lung capacity 241 respondents obtained 123 respondents (51%) had a normal lung capacity, 105 respondents (43.6%) had a restricted lung capacity, 4 respondents (1.7%) had an obstructed lung capacity and 9 respondents (3.7%) had a combination of a restricted and obstructed lung capacity. The age (p=0.977) and physical activities (p=0.087) of respondents had no effect on the lung capacity. However, nutrition status (p=0.011) and passive smoking or ETS (p=0.003) do.
Conclusion: The nutrition status and the presence of a passive smoker were the internal factors affecting people's lung capacity, especially for those who live around the cement industry. Thus, in order to avoid the impairment of lung capacity, people need to improve their nutrition and to avoid people smoking around them.
References
Tonasa. Profil Perusahaan PT Semen Tonasa. 2015; http://sementonasa.co.id/profile_brief.php.
Abu-Allaban M, Abu-Qudais H. Impact assessment of ambient air quality by cement industry: A case study in Jordan. Aerosol and Air Quality Resarch. 2011;11(7):802-810.
Rodrigues F, Joekes I. Cement industry: sustainability, challenges and perspectives. Environmental Chemistry Letters. 2011;9(2):151-166.
Mishra S, Siddiqui N. A review on environmental and health impacts of cement manufacturing emissions. International Journal of Geology, Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, WOAR Journals. 2014;2(3):26.
Bertoldi M, Borgini A, Tittarelli A, et al. Health effects for the population living near a cement plant: An epidemiological assessment. Environment international. 2012;41:1-7.
Genc S, Zadeoglulari Z, Fuss SH, Genc K. The adverse effects of air pollution on the nervous system. Journal of Toxicology. 2012;2012.
Perdana A, Djajakusli R, Syafar M. FAKTOR RISIKO PAPARAN DEBU PADA FAAL PARU PEKERJA BAGIAN PRODUKSI PT. SEMEN TONASA PANGKEP 2009. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia. 2014;6(3).
Jimung M. Analisis Hubungan Konsentrasi Debu PM2,5 Dan PM10 Terhadap Kapasitas Fungsi Paru Pada Penduduk Di Sekitar Pabrik Semen Tonasa Pangkep. Indonesia: Fakutas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Hasanuddin University; 2012.
Mehraj SS, Bhat G, Balkhi HM, Gul T. Health risks for population living in the neighborhood of a cement factory. Environ. Res. 2013;7:1044-1052.
Assegaf AH, Jayadipraja EA. Pemodelan Dispersi CO Dari Cerobong Pabrik Semen Tonasa dengan Menggunakan Model AERMOD. Paper presented at: Seminar Nasional Fisika Makassar2015; Indonesia.
Rab T. Ilmu Penyakit Paru. Indonesia: Trans Info Media; 2013.
Sharma G, Goodwin J. Effect of aging on respiratory system physiology and immunology. Clinical interventions in aging. 2006;1(3):253.
Ostrowski S, Barud W. Factors influencing lung function: are the predicted values for spirometry reliable enough? Journal of physiology and pharmacology. 2006;57:263.
Azad A, Gharakhanlou R, Niknam A, Ghanbari A. Effects of aerobic exercise on lung function in overweight and obese students. Tanaffos. 2011;10(3):24-31.
Banerjee J, Roy A, Singhamahapatra A, Dey PK, Ghosal A, Das A. Association of Body Mass Index (BMI) with Lung Function Parameters in Non-asthmatics Identified by Spirometric Protocols. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR. 2014;8(2):12.
Gupta S, Malhotra AK, Verma SK, Deka M, Yadav R, Singh S. Effects of passive smoking (environmental tobacco smoke) on pregnancy outcome at district hospital, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh. International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health. 2015;4(8):1090-1094.
England LJ, Bunnell RE, Pechacek TF, Tong VT, McAfee TA. Nicotine and the developing human: a neglected element in the electronic cigarette debate. American journal of preventive medicine. 2015;49(2):286-293.
WARE JH, DOCKERY DW, LOUIS TA, XU X, FERRIS BG, SPEIZER FE. Longitudinal and cross-sectional estimates of pulmonary function decline in never-smoking adults. American Journal of Epidemiology. 1990;132(4):685-700.
Zeleznik J. Normative aging of the respiratory system. Clinics in geriatric medicine. 2003;19(1):1-18.
Robbins D, Enright P, Sherrill D. Lung function development in young adults: is there a plateau phase? European Respiratory Journal. 1995;8(5):768-772.
Gupta D, Aggarwal A, Jindal S. Pulmonary effects of passive smoking: the Indian experience. Tobacco induced diseases. 2002;1(2):1-8.
Shashikala L, Sarath R. Effects of exercise on pulmonary function test. Indian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences. 2011;1(3):230-231.
Authors who publish with Public Health of Indonesia agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial CC BY-NC 4.0, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the authors' work non-commercially, and although the others' new works must also acknowledge the authors and be non-commercial, they don't have to license their derivative works on the same terms.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access). Authors can archive pre-print and post-print or publisher's version/PDF.