본 연구는 수출주도형 한국경제구조와 매우 유사한 제조업 강국인 독일의 제조업분야에서의 4차 산업혁명 대응과정과 정책을 고찰하고 국내 상황과 비교분석하여 향후 국내기업의 생산·운영분야에서 종합적인 방향을 제시하였다. 독일의 ‘인더스트리 4.0‘은 표준 관련 추진의 부진, 중견·중소 기업의 중요성 인식 부족으로 인한 참여 저조, 전문 인력부족, 인력재교육, 초기투자 비용 및 보안 문제가 발생하였다. 독일은 정부기관의 주도 아래 학계, 산업계, 노조가 함께 참여하여 보안이 강화된 네트워크 기반인 ’플랫폼 인더스트리 4.0‘을 장기 전략으로 제시하고 있다. 한국은 제조업 혁신 3.0을 토대로 제조업에서 4차 산업 혁명을 진행 중이나 독일과 비교해 볼 때 부족한 점이 많다. 한국은 민관연이 협력하여 표준화를 확립하고 스마트 공장의 수준을 대기업과 중소기업이 협력하여 고도화 단계로 구축하고 스마트공장 관련 수출산업을 일으켜야 한다. 기존의 제조업 혁신 3.0보다 혁신적인 제조업 혁신 4.0을 구축하여 제조업에서 스마트화의 범위를 확대하고 정부는 주도적이면서 중소기업들의 문제점들을 해결해 주는 조력자로서의 역할을 담당해야 한다. 특히 스마트공장의 고도화를 이루기 위하여 IT 보완문제와 해당 법률적인 뒷받침이 해결되어야 한다.
In this study, the comprehensive direction was presented in the production and operation field of domestic companies after considering the response process and policies for the fourth industrial revolution in the manufacturing sector of Germany, a major manufacturing country, and making a comparative analysis with domestic situations. Germany has been leading other countries in the private sector in the " Industry 4.0 " since 2012. " Industry 4.0 " caused low participation, shortage of professional staff, reeducation of workforce, initial investment costs, and security issues caused by poor promotion of standards and small and medium sized businesses. Under the leadership of the government, Germany is pushing for a long-term strategy of " Platform Industry 4.0, " a network based on enhanced security, by joining academia, industry and labor unions. Korea is undergoing its fourth industrial revolution in manufacturing, based on the Manufacturing Innovation 3.0, but is lacking in many ways compared to Germany. Korea should establish standardization in cooperation with the private sector, establish the level of smart plants in cooperation with large and small companies to advance them into a higher phase, and develop export industries associated with smart plants. Innovative Manufacturing Innovation 4.0 rather than the conventional Manufacturing Innovation 3.0 should be deployed to expand the scope of smart manufacturing, while the government should play a leading and dispute-resolving role in the industry. In particular, IT supplementation problems and their legal support should be addressed in order to achieve the elevation of smart plants.
In this study, the comprehensive direction was presented in the production and operation field of domestic companies after considering the response process and policies for the fourth industrial revolution in the manufacturing sector of Germany, a major manufacturing country, and making a comparative analysis with domestic situations. Germany has been leading other countries in the private sector in the " Industry 4.0 " since 2012. " Industry 4.0 " caused low participation, shortage of professional staff, reeducation of workforce, initial investment costs, and security issues caused by poor promotion of standards and small and medium sized businesses. Under the leadership of the government, Germany is pushing for a long-term strategy of " Platform Industry 4.0, " a network based on enhanced security, by joining academia, industry and labor unions. Korea is undergoing its fourth industrial revolution in manufacturing, based on the Manufacturing Innovation 3.0, but is lacking in many ways compared to Germany. Korea should establish standardization in cooperation with the private sector, establish the level of smart plants in cooperation with large and small companies to advance them into a higher phase, and develop export industries associated with smart plants. Innovative Manufacturing Innovation 4.0 rather than the conventional Manufacturing Innovation 3.0 should be deployed to expand the scope of smart manufacturing, while the government should play a leading and dispute-resolving role in the industry. In particular, IT supplementation problems and their legal support should be addressed in order to achieve the elevation of smart plants.