Biochar Amendments Improve Licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) Growth and Nutrient Uptake under Salt Stress
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Plant Shoot and Root Growth
2.2. Carbon and Nutrient Concentrations
2.3. Licorice Root Architecture
2.4. Soil Enzymes
2.5. Correlations and Redundancy Analysis
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Soil, Biochar and Plant
4.2. Plant Growth Experiment
4.3. Plant and Soil Nutrient Analyses
4.4. Root Morphological and Architectural Traits
4.5. Soil Enzyme Measurements
4.6. Statistical Analyses
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Condition | Treatment | EC | Moisture |
---|---|---|---|
Saline | Control | 0.165 ± 0.03 | 7.5 ± 0.86 |
2% BC | 0.385 ± 0.08 | 9.2 ± 0.76 | |
4% BC | 0.421 ± 0.03 | 9.3 ± 0.95 | |
6% BC | 0.750 ± 0.09 | 12.0 ± 1.10 | |
Non-saline | Control | 0.041 ± 0.01 | 7.2 ± 0.76 |
2% BC | 0.062 ± 0.01 | 11.5 ± 0.50 | |
4% BC | 0.069 ± 0.02 | 9.5 ± 1.10 | |
6% BC | 0.076 ± 0.01 | 13.1 ± 0.8 |
Df | Variance | F | Pr(>F) | Signif. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model | 9 | 9.8537 | 5.6962 | 0.001 | *** | |
Axis | RDA1 | 1 | 8.0393 | 41.8259 | 0.001 | *** |
RDA2 | 1 | 1.0973 | 5.709 | 0.219 | ||
RDA3 | 1 | 0.2695 | 1.4023 | 0.981 | ||
RDA4 | 1 | 0.215 | 1.1185 | 0.987 | ||
RDA5 | 1 | 0.1404 | 0.7306 | 0.996 | ||
RDA6 | 1 | 0.038 | 0.1978 | 1 | ||
RDA7 | 1 | 0.0303 | 0.1574 | 1 | ||
RDA8 | 1 | 0.0204 | 0.1064 | 1 | ||
RDA9 | 1 | 0.0035 | 0.0181 | 1 | ||
Explanatory variables | Protease | 1 | 0.3749 | 1.9505 | 0.158 | |
AKP | 1 | 0.8829 | 4.5933 | 0.031 | * | |
ACP | 1 | 4.9067 | 25.5281 | 0.001 | *** | |
FDA | 1 | 0.1533 | 0.7975 | 0.457 | ||
Soil.EC | 1 | 1.6688 | 8.6824 | 0.002 | ** | |
Soil.Moisture | 1 | 0.5343 | 2.7798 | 0.079 | . | |
Nodule.Nr. | 1 | 0.2909 | 1.5135 | 0.22 | ||
Saline | 1 | 0.8186 | 4.2591 | 0.035 | * | |
Biochar | 1 | 0.2233 | 1.1617 | 0.281 | ||
Residual | 8 | 1.5377 |
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Egamberdieva, D.; Ma, H.; Alaylar, B.; Zoghi, Z.; Kistaubayeva, A.; Wirth, S.; Bellingrath-Kimura, S.D. Biochar Amendments Improve Licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) Growth and Nutrient Uptake under Salt Stress. Plants 2021, 10, 2135. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10102135
Egamberdieva D, Ma H, Alaylar B, Zoghi Z, Kistaubayeva A, Wirth S, Bellingrath-Kimura SD. Biochar Amendments Improve Licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) Growth and Nutrient Uptake under Salt Stress. Plants. 2021; 10(10):2135. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10102135
Chicago/Turabian StyleEgamberdieva, Dilfuza, Hua Ma, Burak Alaylar, Zohreh Zoghi, Aida Kistaubayeva, Stephan Wirth, and Sonoko Dorothea Bellingrath-Kimura. 2021. "Biochar Amendments Improve Licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) Growth and Nutrient Uptake under Salt Stress" Plants 10, no. 10: 2135. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10102135