Screening Value of Social Frailty and Its Association with Physical Frailty and Disability in Community-Dwelling Older Koreans: Aging Study of PyeongChang Rural Area
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Sample
2.2. Assessment of Social Frailty
2.3. Assessment of Physical Frailty
2.4. Assessment of Geriatric Conditions
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Psychometrics of Social Frailty
3.1.1. Content Validity
3.1.2. Construct Validity
3.2. Prevalence of Social Frailty and Associated Characteristics
3.3. Social Frailty, Physical Frailty, and Geriatric Conditions
3.4. Association of Social Frailty and Physical Frailty in Geriatric Conditions
3.5. Social Frailty as a Screening Tool of ADL Disability
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Social Frailty | |||
---|---|---|---|
Variables (n, %) | Robust | Prefrail | Frail |
N = 203 | N = 121 | N = 84 | |
Age (mean ± SD) | 72.7 ± 5.1 | 75.4 ± 5.6 | 79.3 ± 6.2 |
65–74 | 123 (60.6) | 52 (43.0) | 20 (23.8) |
75–84 | 76 (37.4) | 61 (50.4) | 51 (60.7) |
85– | 4 (2.0) | 8 (6.6) | 13 (15.5) |
Female, n | 97 (47.8) | 80 (66.1) | 59 (70.2) |
Multimorbidity, n | 93 (45.8) | 74 (61.2) | 64 (76.2) |
Cognitive impairment, n [21,22] | 35 (17.2) | 31 (25.6) | 40 (47.6) |
Depressed mood, n [3,23] | 9 (4.4) | 6 (5.0) | 17 (20.2) |
Sarcopenia, n [24] | 30 (14.8) | 30 (24.8) | 34 (40.5) |
Dysmobility, n [25] | 49 (24.1) | 56 (46.3) | 59 (70.2) |
Fall, n | 38 (18.7) | 27 (22.3) | 28 (33.3) |
Polypharmacy, n | 51 (25.1) | 40 (33.1) | 36 (42.9) |
Malnutrition, n [26] | 41 (20.2) | 34 (28.1) | 33 (39.3) |
Living alone, n | 2 (1.0) | 47 (38.8) | 46 (54.8) |
Low income, n | 0 (0) | 3 (2.5) | 5 (6.0) |
The CHS scale, n [19] | |||
Robust | 96 (47.3) | 37 (30.6) | 11 (13.1) |
Prefrail | 98 (48.3) | 64 (52.9) | 36 (42.9) |
Frail | 9 (4.4) | 20 (16.5) | 37 (44.0) |
Geriatric Conditions | Model 1 | Model 2 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Neither | SF Alone | PF Alone | Both | Neither | SF Alone | PF Alone | Both | |
Cognitive impairment | ||||||||
Prevalence, number [n (%)] | 53 (18.0%) | 14 (29.8%) | 13 (43.3%) | 26 (70.3%) | 53 (18.0%) | 14 (29.8%) | 13 (43.3%) | 26 (70.3%) |
OR (95% CI) | Reference | 1.93 (0.97–3.86) | 3.48 (1.59–7.59) | 10.75 (5.00–23.10) | Reference | 1.28 (0.60–2.73) | 1.69 (0.71–4.01) | 4.94 (2.07–11.79) |
p-value | 0.063 | 0.002 | <0.001 | 0.53 | 0.236 | <0.001 | ||
Depressed mood | ||||||||
Prevalence, number [n (%)] | 9 (3.1%) | 6 (12.8%) | 6 (20.0%) | 11 (29.7%) | 9 (3.1%) | 6 (12.8%) | 6 (20.0%) | 11 (29.7%) |
OR (95% CI) | Reference | 4.63 (1.57–13.70) | 7.92 (2.60–24.11) | 13.40 (5.09–35.28) | Reference | 4.26 (1.38–13.19) | 6.29 (1.91–20.73) | 10.66 (3.45–32.93) |
p-value | 0.006 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.012 | 0.003 | <0.001 | ||
Sarcopenia | ||||||||
Prevalence, number [n (%)] | 42 (14.3%) | 12 (25.5%) | 18 (60.0%) | 22 (59.5%) | 42 (14.3%) | 12 (25.5%) | 18 (60.0%) | 22 (59.5%) |
OR (95% CI) | Reference | 2.06 (0.99–4.28) | 9.00 (4.04–20.03) | 8.80 (4.23–18.32) | Reference | 0.88 (0.37–2.08) | 4.71 (1.96–11.31) | 3.13 (1.34–7.32) |
p-value | 0.054 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.763 | 0.001 | 0.008 | ||
ADL disability | ||||||||
Prevalence, number [n (%)] | 49 (16.7%) | 14 (29.8%) | 14 (46.7%) | 24 (64.9%) | 49 (16.7%) | 14 (29.8%) | 14 (46.7%) | 24 (64.9%) |
OR (95% CI) | Reference | 3.10 (1.59–6.02) | 4.37 (2.00–9.55) | 9.23 (4.40–19.38) | Reference | 2.54 (1.26–5.13) | 3.10 (1.35–7.13) | 5.82 (2.56–13.25) |
p-value | 0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.009 | 0.008 | < 0.001 | ||
Fall | ||||||||
Prevalence, number [n (%)] | 57 (19.4%) | 11 (23.4%) | 8 (26.7%) | 17 (45.9%) | 57 (19.4%) | 11 (23.4%) | 8 (26.7%) | 17 (45.9%) |
OR (95% CI) | Reference | 1.27 (0.61–2.65) | 1.51 (0.64–3.57) | 3.53 (1.74–7.18) | Reference | 1.14 (0.53–2.45) | 1.31 (0.53–3.25) | 2.85 (1.28–6.36) |
p-value | 0.523 | 0.346 | <0.001 | 0.745 | 0.556 | 0.01 | ||
Malnutrition | ||||||||
Prevalence, number [n (%)] | 61 (20.7%) | 13 (27.7%) | 14 (46.7%) | 20 (54.1%) | 61 (20.7%) | 13 (27.7%) | 14 (46.7%) | 20 (54.1%) |
OR (95% CI) | Reference | 1.46 (0.73–2.94) | 3.34 (1.55–7.22) | 4.49 (2.22–9.10) | Reference | 1.31 (0.63–2.72) | 2.92 (1.29–6.59) | 3.68 (1.67–8.11) |
p-value | 0.288 | 0.002 | <0.001 | 0.47 | 0.010 | 0.001 |
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Park, H.; Jang, I.-Y.; Lee, H.y.; Jung, H.-W.; Lee, E.; Kim, D.H. Screening Value of Social Frailty and Its Association with Physical Frailty and Disability in Community-Dwelling Older Koreans: Aging Study of PyeongChang Rural Area. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 2809. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162809
Park H, Jang I-Y, Lee Hy, Jung H-W, Lee E, Kim DH. Screening Value of Social Frailty and Its Association with Physical Frailty and Disability in Community-Dwelling Older Koreans: Aging Study of PyeongChang Rural Area. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(16):2809. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162809
Chicago/Turabian StylePark, Hyungchul, Il-Young Jang, Hea yon Lee, Hee-Won Jung, Eunju Lee, and Dae Hyun Kim. 2019. "Screening Value of Social Frailty and Its Association with Physical Frailty and Disability in Community-Dwelling Older Koreans: Aging Study of PyeongChang Rural Area" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 16: 2809. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162809