Association between Health-Related Quality of Life and Completion of First-Line Treatment among Lung Cancer Patients
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population
2.2. Quality of Life and Lung Cancer-Related Symptoms
2.3. Completion of First-Line Treatment
2.4. Covariates
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Completed First-Line Treatment ** | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
All n (%) | Yes n (%) | No n (%) | p-Value | |
Sex | ||||
Men | 71 (52) | 40 (54) | 31 (49) | 0.6 |
Women | 66 (48) | 34 (46) | 32 (51) | |
Age at diagnosis (years) | ||||
≤65 | 35 (26) | 21 (28) | 14 (22) | 0.5 |
>65 to <70 | 41 (30) | 24 (32) | 17 (27) | |
≥70 to <75 | 39 (28) | 20 (27) | 19 (30) | |
≥75 | 22 (16) | 9 (12) | 13 (21) | |
Mean (SD) | 68.9 (7.4) | 67.9 (7.8) | 70.1 (7.9) | 0.1 |
Marital status | ||||
Cohabiting | 96 (70) | 52 (70) | 44 (70) | 1.0 |
Living alone | 41 (30) | 22 (30) | 19 (30) | |
Smoking status | ||||
Never/used to smoke | 107 (79) | 55 (74) | 52 (85) | 0.2 |
Current smoker | 28 (21) | 19 (26) | 9 (15) | |
Alcohol | ||||
0 units per week | 47 (35) | 26 (36) | 21 (35) | 0.1 |
>1 to <7/14 units per week | 59 (44) | 28 (38) | 31 (52) | |
>8/15 units per week | 27 (20) | 19 (26) | 8 (13) | |
BMI | ||||
Underweight (<18.5) | 11 (8) | - | - | 0.004 * |
Normal weight (18.5–24.9) | 60 (44) | 41 (55) | 19 (31) | |
Overweight (25–29.9) | 45 (33) | 15 (20) | 30 (49) | |
Obese (≤30) | 19 (14) | 11 (15) | 8 (13) | |
Education | ||||
Short | 26 (19) | 13 (18) | 13 (21) | 0.7 |
Medium | 23 (17) | 14 (19) | 9 (14) | |
Long | 78 (57) | 40 (55) | 38 (60) | |
Other | 9 (7) | - | - | |
Performance score | ||||
0 | 71 (53) | 44 (59) | 27 (44) | 0.04 * |
1 | 54 (40) | 28 (38) | 26 (43) | |
2 | 10 (7) | - | - | |
Diagnosis | 0.3 | |||
NSCLC | 116 (85) | 65 (88) | 51 (81) | |
SCLC | 21 (15) | 9 (12) | 12 (19) | |
Stage | ||||
Early/medium | 75 (55) | 41 (55) | 33 (53) | 0.5 |
Advanced | 62 (45) | 33 (45) | 30 (47) | |
Comorbidity | ||||
0 | 34 (25) | 24 (32) | 10 (16) | 0.08 |
1 | 44 (32) | 22 (30) | 22 (35) | |
≥2 | 59 (43) | 28 (38) | 31 (49) | |
Surgery before oncological treatment | ||||
Yes | 23 (17) | 11 (15) | 12 (19) | 0.5 |
No | 114 (83) | 63 (85) | 51 (81) | |
Planned treatment | ||||
Chemotherapy | 59 (43) | 27 (36) | 32 (51) | 0.2 |
Radiotherapy Chemoradiotherapy | 4 (3) 63 (46) | 3 (4) 39 (53) | 1 (2) 24 (38) | |
Immunotherapy | 11 (8) | 5 (7) | 6 (9) |
Completed First-Line Treatment | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | Total Mean (SD) | Yes Mean (SD) | No Mean (SD) | p-Value | |
Functioning scales (QLQ-C30) | |||||
Global QOL | 135 | 62.1 (22.9) | 68.2 (20.04) | 55.2 (24.1) | <0.001 * |
Physical function | 137 | 77.3 (20.0) | 83.6 (15.7) | 69.9 (22.1) | <0.001 * |
Role function | 134 | 69.5 (27.99) | 76.6 (25.7) | 61.3 (27.4) | 0.001 * |
Emotional function | 135 | 72.9 (22.4) | 78.2 (19.1) | 66.7 (24.5) | 0.004 * |
Cognitive function | 135 | 87.7 (19.4) | 90.9 (14.6) | 83.6 (23.5) | 0.035 * |
Social function | 134 | 86.9 (18.1) | 92.0 (13.9) | 80.9 (20.6) | <0.001 * |
Symptom scales and single-items (QLQ-C30 and QLQ-LC13) | |||||
Fatigue | 136 | 34.1 (23.6) | 28.3 (20.3) | 41.0 (25.4) | 0.002 * |
Nausea/vomiting | 136 | 7.23 (15.8) | 4.7 (13.7) | 10.2 (17.7) | 0.049 * |
Pain | 135 | 16.7 (21.8) | 12.2 (16.6) | 22.1 (25.9) | 0.011 * |
Dyspnea | 134 | 36.3 (30.2) | 30.6 (27.6) | 43.2 (31.8) | 0.016 * |
Insomnia | 136 | 28.2 (31.92) | 23.9 (29.5) | 33.3 (34.1) | 0.085 |
Appetite loss | 136 | 25.98 (31.9) | 20.3 (29.6) | 32.8 (33.3) | 0.02 * |
Constipation | 134 | 7.5 (17.6) | 6.3 (14.3) | 8.9 (21.1) | 0.42 |
Diarrhea | 134 | 7.7 (17.3) | 7.3 (16.9) | 8.2 (17.9) | 0.77 |
Financial difficulties | 135 | 5.4 (16.9) | 4.5 (14.9) | 6.6 (19.1) | 0.49 |
Dyspnea (lung cancer-specific) | 137 | 27.4 (24.6) | 22.8 (22.2) | 32.7 (26.9) | 0.02 * |
Coughing | 137 | 43.6 (29.9) | 45.5 (29.5) | 41.3 (30.4) | 0.41 |
Hemoptysis | 137 | 6.3 (16.4) | 4.9 (14.3) | 7.9 (18.7) | 0.30 |
Sore mouth | 137 | 3.6 (11.2) | 3.6 (11.8) | 3.7 (10.6) | 0.96 |
Dysphagia | 136 | 6.4 (16.5) | 5.5 (17.6) | 7.4 (15.2) | 0.50 |
Peripheral neuropathy | 136 | 5.6 (14.9) | 4.95 (11.9) | 5.5 (17.6) | 0.58 |
Alopecia | 134 | 4.2 (17.5) | 4.1 (17.4) | 4.4 (17.9) | 0.90 |
Pain in chest | 134 | 14.9 (22.2) | 10.9 (19.3) | 19.7 (24.6) | 0.027 * |
Pain in arm or shoulder | 134 | 12.4 (22.6) | 11.7 (22.4) | 13.3 (23.1) | 0.68 |
Pain in other parts | 132 | 18.4 (27.7) | 13.9 (24.1) | 24.1 (31.1) | 0.042 * |
Model I | Model II | Model III | Model IV | |
---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
Functioning Scales (EORTC QLQ-C30) Score <66.67 (Ref = High Function) | ||||
Physical functioning | 3.15 (1.5–6.82) | 2.92 (1.38–6.38) | 4.44 (1.52–14.32) | 4.25 (1.37–14.56) |
Role functioning | 3.31 (1.62–6.97) | 3.39 (1.64–7.22) | 6.09 (2.03–20.93) | 5.47 (1.69–20.82) |
Emotional functioning | 3.40 (1.67–7.09) | 3.48 (1.68–7.44) | 5.86 (2.01–19.23) | 5.48 (1.78–18.95) |
Cognitive functioning | 1.84 (0.80–4.34) | 1.76 (0.76–4.19) | 3.06 (0.96–10.54) | 3.31 (0.95–12.61) |
Social functioning | 2.87 (1.30–6.61) | 2.93 (1.31–6.84) | 3.13 (1.01–10.46) | 2.73 (0.84–9.49) |
Symptom scales and items (EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-LC13 a) score >33.33 (ref = no symptoms) | ||||
Fatigue | 4.02 (1.90–8.85) | 3.97 (1.84–8.88) | 7.55 (2.44–27.42) | 8.11 (2.17–36.78) |
Nausea/vomiting a | 6.40 (1.00–124) | 6.44 (0.99–126) | 6.07 (0.46–174.2) | 5.40 (0.36–164.93) |
Pain | 5.71 (1.93–21.00) | 5.93 (1.93–22.16) | 8.24 (2.05–41.92) | 7.91 (1.87–41.28) |
Dyspnea | 2.21 (1.02–4.94) | 2.10 (0.95–4.73) | 2.17 (0.72–6.92) | 1.92 (0.57–6.68) |
Insomnia | 2.23 (1.01–5.08) | 2.31 (1.02–5.38) | 2.41 (0.79–7.75) | 2.01 (0.62–6.75) |
Appetite loss | 2.62 (1.12–6.41) | 2.95 (1.23–7.50) | 4.66 (1.17–20.95) | 3.85 (0.90–18.58) |
Constipation | 2.52 (0.24–54.91) | 2.63 (0.24–57.91) | 10.13 (0.23–543.6) | 11.18 (0.18–882.28) |
Diarrhea | 3.72 (0.46–76.36) | 4.49 (0.53–96.00) | 7.32 (0.35–334.5) | 8.51 (0.39–460.26) |
Financial difficulties | 3.78 (0.47–77.41) | 4.77 (0.58–99.56) | 17.23 (1.12–587.1) | 11.56 (0.65–444.23) |
Dyspnea (lung cancer-specific) | 2.35 (1.07–5.31) | 2.11 (0.94–4.89) | 2.69 (0.88–8.86) | 2.26 (0.65–8.2) |
Coughing | 0.89 (0.44–1.78) | 0.95 (0.47–1.92) | 0.81 (0.29–2.19) | 0.73 (0.24–2.09) |
Hemoptysis | 1.18 (0.14–10.07) | 1.37 (0.16–12.04) | 0.08 (0.002–2.24) | 0.12 (0.003–2.85) |
Dysphagia | 0.38 (0.02–3.02) | 0.41 (0.02–3.30) | 0.95 (0.04–10.55) | 1.01 (0.04–12.15) |
Alopecia | 1.90 (0.30–14.75) | 1.73 (0.27–13.65) | 7.77 (0.76–114.5) | 13.18 (1.16–235.18) |
Pain in chest | 2.99 (0.92–11.51) | 3.35 (1.00–13.41) | 4.8 (0.95–22.26) | 4.17 (0.84–24.71) |
Pain in arm or shoulder | 1.03 (0.28–3.60) | 1.15 (0.31–4.09) | 2.13 (0.46–10.10) | 2.06 (0.41–10.58) |
Pain in other parts | 2.38 (0.93–6.46) | 2.57 (0.98–7.15) | 5.37 (1.46–22.74) | 4.58 (1.12–21.08) |
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Levinsen, A.K.G.; Dalton, S.O.; Andersen, I.; Mellemgaard, A.; Oksen, M.S.; Saltbæk, L.; Hansen, N.H.G.; Carlsen, S.; Kjaer, T.K. Association between Health-Related Quality of Life and Completion of First-Line Treatment among Lung Cancer Patients. Cancers 2022, 14, 3343. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143343
Levinsen AKG, Dalton SO, Andersen I, Mellemgaard A, Oksen MS, Saltbæk L, Hansen NHG, Carlsen S, Kjaer TK. Association between Health-Related Quality of Life and Completion of First-Line Treatment among Lung Cancer Patients. Cancers. 2022; 14(14):3343. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143343
Chicago/Turabian StyleLevinsen, Anne Katrine G., Susanne O. Dalton, Ingelise Andersen, Anders Mellemgaard, Marianne S. Oksen, Lena Saltbæk, Nina H. G. Hansen, Signe Carlsen, and Trille K. Kjaer. 2022. "Association between Health-Related Quality of Life and Completion of First-Line Treatment among Lung Cancer Patients" Cancers 14, no. 14: 3343. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143343