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Lack of association between the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (I/D) polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy in Tunisian type 2 diabetic patients

Molecular Investigation of Genetic Orphan Diseases Research Unit, Institut Pasteur de Tunis. Tunis, Tunisia

Abdelmajid Abid

National Institute of Nutrition, Tunis, Tunisia

Sonia Nouira

Molecular Investigation of Genetic Orphan Diseases Research Unit, Institut Pasteur de Tunis. Tunis, Tunisia, sonia.abdelhak @pasteur.rns.tn

Houda Elloumi-Zghal

Molecular Investigation of Genetic Orphan Diseases Research Unit, Institut Pasteur de Tunis. Tunis, Tunisia

Dhafer Malouche

Engineering school of statistic and information analysis (LEGI-EPT-ESSAIT), University of 7th November at Carthage Tunis, Tunisia

Imen Mannai

Molecular Investigation of Genetic Orphan Diseases Research Unit, Institut Pasteur de Tunis. Tunis, Tunisia, Engineering school of statistic and information analysis (LEGI-EPT-ESSAIT), University of 7th November at Carthage Tunis, Tunisia

Mohamed Majdi Zorgati

Molecular Investigation of Genetic Orphan Diseases Research Unit, Institut Pasteur de Tunis. Tunis, Tunisia

Nissaf Ben Alaya

Laboratory of Epidemiology. Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia

Ahmed Rebai

Center of Biotechnology Sfax, Tunisia

Béchir Zouari

Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School University of Medicine, Tunis, Tunisia

Slim Ben Ammar

Molecular Investigation of Genetic Orphan Diseases Research Unit, Institut Pasteur de Tunis. Tunis, Tunisia

Mohamed Chiheb Ben Rayana

National Institute of Nutrition, Tunis, Tunisia

Slama Hmida

National Center of Blood Transfusion Tunis, Tunisia

Samira Blousa-Chabchoub

National Institute of Nutrition, Tunis, Tunisia

Sonia Abdelhak

Molecular Investigation of Genetic Orphan Diseases Research Unit, Institut Pasteur de Tunis. Tunis, Tunisia

Objective. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism is associated with diabetic nephropathy and type 2 diabetes in the Tunisian population.

Design. A case-control study was conducted among 141 unrelated type 2 diabetic patients with (90 patients) or without nephropathy (51 patients) and 103 non-diabetic controls with normal fasting blood glucose. Genotyping was performed using a nested polymerase chain reaction amplification in order to identify correctly heterozygous individuals.

Results. The distribution of DD, ID and II genotypes did not significantly differ between type 2 diabetic patients with or without nephropathy (DD: 44%; ID: 46%; II: 10% vs. DD: 41%; ID: 47 %; II: 12%, respectively).There was also no significant statistical difference between the genotype distribution and allele frequencies of the (I/D) polymorphism in all type 2 diabetic subjects compared to non-diabetic controls with normal fasting blood glucose (DD: 43%; ID: 46%; II: 11% vs. DD: 37%; ID: 48% ;II: 15%, respectively).

Conclusions. In the present preliminary study, the (I/D) polymorphis within the ACE gene is likely not associated with diabetic nephropathy nor with type 2 diabetes in the Tunisian studied population.

Key Words: angiotensin-converting enzyme • diabetic nephropathy • insertion-deletion polymorphism • type 2 diabetes

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