Journal Article

PUBDB-2023-07491

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png The NANOGrav 15 yr Data Set: Detector Characterization and Noise Budget

Agazie, G. ; Anumarlapudi, A. ; Archibald, A. M. ; Arzoumanian, Z. ; Baker, P. T. ; Bécsy, B. ; Blecha, L. ; Brazier, A. ; Brook, P. R. ; Burke-Spolaor, S. ; Charisi, M. ; Chatterjee, S. ; Cohen, T. ; Cordes, J. M. ; Cornish, N. J. ; Crawford, F. ; Cromartie, H. T. ; Crowter, K. ; DeCesar, M. E. ; Demorest, P. B. ; Dolch, T. ; Drachler, B. ; Ferrara, E. C. ; Fiore, W. ; Fonseca, E. ; Freedman, G. E. ; Garver-Daniels, N. ; Gentile, P. A. ; Glaser, J. ; Good, D. C. ; Guertin, L. ; Gültekin, K. ; Hazboun, J. S. (Corresponding author) ; Jennings, R. J. ; Johnson, A. D. ; Jones, M. L. ; Kaiser, A. R. ; Kaplan, D. L. ; Kelley, L. Z. ; Kerr, M. ; Key, J. S. ; Laal, N. ; Lam, M. T. ; Lamb, W. G. ; W. Lazio, T. J. ; Lewandowska, N. ; Liu, T. ; Lorimer, D. R. ; Luo, J. ; Lynch, R. S. ; Ma, C.-P. ; Madison, D. R. ; McEwen, A. ; McKee, J. W. ; McLaughlin, M. A. ; McMann, N. ; Meyers, B. W. ; Mingarelli, C. M. F. ; Mitridate, A.DESY* ; Ng, C. ; Nice, D. J. ; Ocker, S. K. ; Olum, K. D. ; Pennucci, T. T. ; Perera, B. B. P. ; Pol, N. S. ; Radovan, H. A. ; Ransom, S. M. ; Ray, P. S. ; Romano, J. D. ; Sardesai, S. C. ; Schmiedekamp, A. ; Schmiedekamp, C. ; Schmitz, K. ; Shapiro-Albert, B. J. ; Siemens, X. ; Simon, J. ; Siwek, M. S. ; Stairs, I. H. ; Stinebring, D. R. ; Stovall, K. ; Susobhanan, A. ; Swiggum, J. K. ; Taylor, S. R. ; Turner, J. E. ; Unal, C. ; Vallisneri, M. ; Vigeland, S. J. ; Wahl, H. M. ; Witt, C. A. ; Young, O. ; NANOGrav Collaboration (Collaboration author)

2023
Institute of Physics Publ. London

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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acda88  doi:10.3204/PUBDB-2023-07491

Abstract: Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are galactic-scale gravitational wave (GW) detectors. Each individual arm, composed of a millisecond pulsar, a radio telescope, and a kiloparsecs-long path, differs in its properties but, in aggregate, can be used to extract low-frequency GW signals. We present a noise and sensitivity analysis to accompany the NANOGrav 15 yr data release and associated papers, along with an in-depth introduction to PTA noise models. As a first step in our analysis, we characterize each individual pulsar data set with three types of white-noise parameters and two red-noise parameters. These parameters, along with the timing model and, particularly, a piecewise-constant model for the time-variable dispersion measure, determine the sensitivity curve over the low-frequency GW band we are searching. We tabulate information for all of the pulsars in this data release and present some representative sensitivity curves. We then combine the individual pulsar sensitivities using a signal-to-noise ratio statistic to calculate the global sensitivity of the PTA to a stochastic background of GWs, obtaining a minimum noise characteristic strain of 7 × 10−15 at 5 nHz. A power-law-integrated analysis shows rough agreement with the amplitudes recovered in NANOGrav's 15 yr GW background analysis. While our phenomenological noise model does not model all known physical effects explicitly, it provides an accurate characterization of the noise in the data while preserving sensitivity to multiple classes of GW signals.

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Contributing Institute(s):

1. Theorie-Gruppe (T)

Research Program(s):

1. 611 - Fundamental Particles and Forces (POF4-611) (POF4-611)
2. DFG project 390833306 - EXC 2121: Quantum Universe (390833306) (390833306)

Experiment(s):

1. No specific instrument

Appears in the scientific report 2023

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Database coverage:
; ; ; ; Clarivate Analytics Master Journal List ; Current Contents - Physical, Chemical and Earth Sciences ; DOAJ Seal ; IF >= 5 ; JCR ; SCOPUS ; Web of Science Core Collection

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