Abstract
In this study, the synergistic effect of saponin and rhamnolipid biosurfactant on foam properties at an air-water interface was investigated. In order to reach the optimum hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) value, samples of 2 wt% of rhamnolipid and saponin biosurfactants with different HLB values (9.6, 10, 10.4, 10.8, 11.2, 11.6, and 12) in 5 ml of DI water were prepared. Results showed that the optimum HLB value of the microemulsion system was 10.8 for the mixture of 84% rhamnolipid and 16% saponin. At that optimum HLB value and a total surfactant concentration of 2 wt%, the maximum foaming ability and foam stability of the mixed system was 48 mm and 72 min respectively. During the experiment, it was observed that at optimum HLB value the foaming ability of the system increased by increasing the concentration of rhamnolipid and saponin. Comparing the foaming ability and foam stability of biosurfactant system with the properties of SDS, Tween80 and Span80 showed that the biosurfactants have a good foaming ability. The CMC value of the biosurfactant mixtures at the optimum HLB value was lower than that of other synthetic surfactants. The results show that, the biosurfactant mixtures had a synergistic effect on foaming ability and foam stability compared to the individual biosurfactants and synthetic surfactants. Therefore, the mixture of rhamnolipid and saponin is proposed as a potential alternative for detergent, cosmetic and petroleum industry.
Kurzfassung
In dieser Studie wurde der synergistische Effekt der Biotenside Saponin und Rhamnolipid auf die Schaumbildung an der Luft-Wasser-Grenzfläche untersucht. Um den optimalen Wert der hydrophilen lipophilen Balance (HLB) zu erreichen, wurden Proben mit 2 Gew.-% Rhamnolipid und Saponin mit verschiedenen HLB-Werten (9,6, 10, 10,4, 10,8, 11,2, 11,6 und 12) in 5 ml DI-Wasser hergestellt. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass bei einer Mischung aus 84% Rhamnolipid und 16% Saponin der optimale HLB-Wert für das Mikroemulsionssystem 10,8 betrug. Bei diesem optimalen HLB-Wert und einer Mischungskonzentration von 2 Gew.-% lag die maximale Schaumhöhe bei 48 mm und die Schaumstabilität des Sytems bei 72 min. Während des Experiments wurde beobachtet, dass bei optimalem HLB-Wert das Schaumvermögen des Systems durch Erhöhung der Konzentration von Rhamnolipid und Saponin anstieg. Ein Vergleich des Schaumvermögens und der Stabilität des Biotensidsystems mit den Eigenschaften der Systeme mit SDS, Tween80 und Span80 zeigte, dass die Biotenside ein gutes Schaumbildungsvermögen aufweisen. Der CMC-Wert der Biotensidmischungen beim optimalen HLB-Wert war niedriger als der der anderen synethischen Tenside. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Biotensidtensidmischungen eine synergistische Wirkung auf das Schaumbildungsvermögen und die Schaumstabilität im Vergleich zu den einzelnen Biotensiden und den synthetischen Tensiden hatten. Daher wird die Mischung von Rhamnolipid und Saponin als mögliche Alternative für die Waschmittel-, Kosmetik- und Erdölindustrie vorgeschlagen.
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