Abstract
Modern
urban planning seems to neglect taking into account the inner resources of
individuals while designing a sustainable urban life. In rethinking
urbanisation, spirituality must be seen as an integral part of the human
connectedness in the context of urban lifestyles. Current study considers
spirituality as part of our individual wellbeing- and questions whether argues
that the concept of spirituality and the need for human connectedness should be
taken into account while planning a more sustainable urban life. Here we focus
on the issue of human
connectedness and explore how urban
lifestyle redefines our communication and spiritual needs.
Though
the material aspects of urban life cannot be underestimated, we argue that a more holistic approach is needed to achieve inner and outer sustainability in
creating more harmonized lives.
Our findings show
that spirituality not only encompasses human connectedness but also reveals
such human needs as belonging, safety, transcendence and communication, which
are by nature intertwined. In this study, we take a bottom-up approach in
exploring the spiritual needs of urban dwellers and how those needs present
challenges in their daily lives, and in discussing the significance of means of
communication in creating connected lives. We then suggest that urban
spirituality is mediated through a number of innate needs, and challenged in
the urban context via materialistic, relational, moral and transcendental
means.
Designing
a qualitative approach, semi-structured in-depth face-to-face and telephone
interviews were held with 47 participants who were government officers employed
by the Presidency of Religious Affairs of Turkey. All participants fulfilled
the criteria of receiving early training in spiritual care and counselling.
Keywords
References
- Aldridge, A. (2000). Religion in the contemporary world: a sociological introduction. Cambridge: Polity Press.
- Baumeister R. F., & Leary M. R. (1995). The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 497-529.
- Benson, P.L. (2004). Emerging Themes in Research on Adolescent Spiritual and Religious Development. Applied Developmental Sciences, 8, 47-50.
- Burkhardt, M.A. (1989). Spirituality: An analysis of the concept. Holistic Nursing Practice, 3, 69-77.
- Carey, J.W. (1989). Communication as culture: essays on media and society. Winchester, MA: Unwin Hyman.
- Cavanagh, S. (1997). Content analysis: concepts, methods and applications. Nurse Researcher 4, 5–16.
- Cole, F.L. (1988) Content analysis: process and application. Clinical Nurse Specialist 2(1), 53–57.
- Como, J.M. (2007). A Literature Review Related to Spiritual Health and Health Outcomes. Holist. Nurs. Pract, 21, 224-236.
- David Orr, “Four Challenges of Sustainability,” Conservation Biology, 6, 16 (2002): 1457 – 1460.
- Derkx, P. (2013). Humanism as a meaning frame. In What is humanism and why does it matter. ed. Anthony B. Pinn, 42-57. Durham: Acumen
- Ellison, C. (1983). Spiritual well-being: Conceptualization and measurement. J. Psychology and Theology., 11, 330-340.
- Fehring, R., Miller, J., Shaw, C. (1997). Spiritual well-being, religiosity, hope, depression, and other mood states in elderly people coping with cancer. Oncology Nursing Forum, 24, 663-671.
- Fisher, J.W. (1998). Spiritual health: Its nature and place in the school curriculum. PhD thesis, University of Melbourne.
- Gilbert, P. (2009). The Compassionate Mind: A New Approach to Life’s Challenges. Constable-Robinson
- Gilbert, P. (ed) (2005). Compassion: Conceptualisations, Research and Use in Psychotherapy. Routledge.
- Gilbert, P. & Parkes, M. (2011). Faith in one city: exploring religion, spirituality and mental wellbeing in urban UK, Ethnicity and Inequalities in Health and Social Care, VOL. 4 NO. 1 2011, pp. 16-27, DOI 10.1108/17570981111189551.
- Gordon, J. S. (1988). Holistic Medicine, New York: Chelsea House Publishers.
- Koenig, H., McCullough, M., Larson, D. (2001). Handbook of Religion and Health, Oxford University Press, New York, NY.
- Lambert, N, Stillman, T. F., Hicks, J. A., Kamble, S., Baumeiter, R. F., Fincham, F. D. (2013). Belong is to matter: Sense of belonging enhances meaning in life. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 39, 1418-1427.
- Lee, R. M., & Robbins, S. B. (1998). The relationship between social connectedness and anxiety, self-esteem, and social identity. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 45, 338–345. Martsolf, D.S., Mickley, J.R. (1998). The concept of spirituality in nursing theories: Differing world-views and extent of focus. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 27, 294-303.
- NICA, (1975). National Interfaith Coalition on Aging. Spiritual well-being: A definition. NICA: Athens, GA, USA, 1975.
- Ritchie, H. & Roser, M. (2018). "Mental Health". Published online at Our-WorldInData.org. Retrieved from: 'https://ourworldindata.org/mental-health' [Online Resource].
- Ross, L. (2006). Spiritual care in nursing: An overview of the research to date. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 15, 852-862.
- Sachs, W. (1999). Planet Dialectics: Explorations in Environmental Development (New York, USA: Witwatersrand University Press, 42.
- Sims, A. (2008). ‘‘Spirituality and mental health’’, Talk to the Midlands and Trent, Region of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, 6 December.
- Sims, A. (2009). Is Faith Delusion? Why Religion is Good for Your Health, Continuum, London.
- Taves, A. (2013). Building blocks of sacralities: A new basis for comparison across cultures and religions. In R. F. Paloutzian & C. L. Park (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of religion and spirituality (2nd ed.) (pp. 357-379). New York, NY: Guilford Publications.
- Tillich, P. (1967). Life and the Spirit History and the Kingdom of God, Systematic Theology, Volume III, University of Chicago Press: Chicago, IL, USA.
Abstract
Modern şehir planlaması
sürdürülebilir bir kent hayatı tasarlarken bireylerin içsel kaynaklarını hesaba
katmaktan kaçınmaktadır. Kentleşmeyi yeniden düşündüğümüzde, maneviyat, modern
hayat tarzında insan bağlanmışlığının içsel bir parçası olarak görülmelidir.
Mevcut çalışmada maneviyat insanın iyi olma hali olarak ele alınmakta, ve
insanın bağlanmışlık ve iletişim ihtiyacının sürdürülebilir bir şehir
planlarken hesaba katılması gerekliliği vurgulanmaktadır. Ayrıca bu çalışmada
insan bağlanmışlığı ve kent hayatının, iletişim ve manevi ihtiyaçlarımızın
yeniden tanımlanması gerektiği konu edinilmiştir.
Nitel araştırma
yöntemlerinin kullanıldığı çalışmada 47 Diyanet
İşleri Başkanlığı din görevlisi ile yüz yüze ve telefon yolu
ile yarı yapılandırılmış, derinlemesine görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Katılımcıların tümü daha önceden manevi bakım ve danışmanlık eğitiminden
geçmiştir.
Çalışmanın bulguları
maneviyatın insan bağlanmışlığını kapsadığını ve aidiyet, güvenlik, aşkınlık ve
iletişim gibi doğası gereği iç içe olan insan ihtiyaçlarını ortaya çıkardığını
göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada kent sakinlerinin manevi ihtiyaçları, bu
ihtiyaçların günlük hayatlarında ortaya çıkardığı zorluklar, iletişim ve
bağlanmışlık ihtiyacı tümevarım yaklaşımı ile ele alınmıştır. Kentlerin maddi
ihtiyaçlarının karşılanması önemli olmakla birlikte, sürdürülebilirlik için içsel
ve dışsal bir harmoni oluşturabilmek adına daha bütüncül bir yaklaşımın önemi
vurgulanmaktadır.
Keywords
References
- Aldridge, A. (2000). Religion in the contemporary world: a sociological introduction. Cambridge: Polity Press.
- Baumeister R. F., & Leary M. R. (1995). The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 497-529.
- Benson, P.L. (2004). Emerging Themes in Research on Adolescent Spiritual and Religious Development. Applied Developmental Sciences, 8, 47-50.
- Burkhardt, M.A. (1989). Spirituality: An analysis of the concept. Holistic Nursing Practice, 3, 69-77.
- Carey, J.W. (1989). Communication as culture: essays on media and society. Winchester, MA: Unwin Hyman.
- Cavanagh, S. (1997). Content analysis: concepts, methods and applications. Nurse Researcher 4, 5–16.
- Cole, F.L. (1988) Content analysis: process and application. Clinical Nurse Specialist 2(1), 53–57.
- Como, J.M. (2007). A Literature Review Related to Spiritual Health and Health Outcomes. Holist. Nurs. Pract, 21, 224-236.
- David Orr, “Four Challenges of Sustainability,” Conservation Biology, 6, 16 (2002): 1457 – 1460.
- Derkx, P. (2013). Humanism as a meaning frame. In What is humanism and why does it matter. ed. Anthony B. Pinn, 42-57. Durham: Acumen
- Ellison, C. (1983). Spiritual well-being: Conceptualization and measurement. J. Psychology and Theology., 11, 330-340.
- Fehring, R., Miller, J., Shaw, C. (1997). Spiritual well-being, religiosity, hope, depression, and other mood states in elderly people coping with cancer. Oncology Nursing Forum, 24, 663-671.
- Fisher, J.W. (1998). Spiritual health: Its nature and place in the school curriculum. PhD thesis, University of Melbourne.
- Gilbert, P. (2009). The Compassionate Mind: A New Approach to Life’s Challenges. Constable-Robinson
- Gilbert, P. (ed) (2005). Compassion: Conceptualisations, Research and Use in Psychotherapy. Routledge.
- Gilbert, P. & Parkes, M. (2011). Faith in one city: exploring religion, spirituality and mental wellbeing in urban UK, Ethnicity and Inequalities in Health and Social Care, VOL. 4 NO. 1 2011, pp. 16-27, DOI 10.1108/17570981111189551.
- Gordon, J. S. (1988). Holistic Medicine, New York: Chelsea House Publishers.
- Koenig, H., McCullough, M., Larson, D. (2001). Handbook of Religion and Health, Oxford University Press, New York, NY.
- Lambert, N, Stillman, T. F., Hicks, J. A., Kamble, S., Baumeiter, R. F., Fincham, F. D. (2013). Belong is to matter: Sense of belonging enhances meaning in life. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 39, 1418-1427.
- Lee, R. M., & Robbins, S. B. (1998). The relationship between social connectedness and anxiety, self-esteem, and social identity. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 45, 338–345. Martsolf, D.S., Mickley, J.R. (1998). The concept of spirituality in nursing theories: Differing world-views and extent of focus. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 27, 294-303.
- NICA, (1975). National Interfaith Coalition on Aging. Spiritual well-being: A definition. NICA: Athens, GA, USA, 1975.
- Ritchie, H. & Roser, M. (2018). "Mental Health". Published online at Our-WorldInData.org. Retrieved from: 'https://ourworldindata.org/mental-health' [Online Resource].
- Ross, L. (2006). Spiritual care in nursing: An overview of the research to date. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 15, 852-862.
- Sachs, W. (1999). Planet Dialectics: Explorations in Environmental Development (New York, USA: Witwatersrand University Press, 42.
- Sims, A. (2008). ‘‘Spirituality and mental health’’, Talk to the Midlands and Trent, Region of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, 6 December.
- Sims, A. (2009). Is Faith Delusion? Why Religion is Good for Your Health, Continuum, London.
- Taves, A. (2013). Building blocks of sacralities: A new basis for comparison across cultures and religions. In R. F. Paloutzian & C. L. Park (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of religion and spirituality (2nd ed.) (pp. 357-379). New York, NY: Guilford Publications.
- Tillich, P. (1967). Life and the Spirit History and the Kingdom of God, Systematic Theology, Volume III, University of Chicago Press: Chicago, IL, USA.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 30, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 9 Issue: 25 |
